6(i)
1. Express the gradients of $AB$ and $AC$ in terms of $k$
Gradient of AB=2−k8−0=2−k8
Gradient of AC=−2−k−4−0=−2−k−4=k+24
2. Form an equation using the condition for perpendicular lines
Since AB⊥AC, the product of their gradients is −1:
(2−k8)(k+24)=−1
(2−k)(2+k)32=−1
3. Solve the equation for $k$ and reject the invalid value
32=−(4−k2)
32=−4+k2
k2=36
k=6 or k=−6
From the figure, point A lies on the positive x-axis, so k>0.
Therefore, k=6.
6(ii)
1. Find the equation of the line $BC$ to determine the coordinates of $N$.
Gradient of BC=2−(−2)8−(−4)=412=3
Equation of BC: y−8=3(x−2)
y=3x+2
Since N lies on the y-axis, x=0, so y=2.
The coordinates of N are (0,2).
2. Calculate the midpoint of $BC$ and show it is $N$.
Midpoint of BC=(22+(−2),28+(−4))
=(20,24)
=(0,2)
Since the coordinates of N are identical to the midpoint of BC, N is the midpoint of BC.
6(iii)
1. Recall or calculate the coordinates of $A$ and $N$ from earlier parts
From part (i), A=(6,0).
From part (ii), N=(0,2).
We are given B=(2,8) and C=(−2,−4).
2. Calculate the area of triangle $ABC$
Using the shoelace formula for △ABC with vertices (6,0), (2,8), and (−2,−4):
Area=21∣(6)(8)+(2)(−4)+(−2)(0)−(0)(2)−(8)(−2)−(−4)(6)∣
Area=21∣48−8+0−0+16+24∣=21∣80∣=40 units2
3. Find the area of triangle $MNC$
The area of quadrilateral ABNM is given as 25 units2.
Area of △MNC=Area of △ABC−Area of ABNM
Area of △MNC=40−25=15 units2
4. Find the equation of the line $AC$ to express the coordinates of $M$
Gradient of AC=−2−6−4−0=−8−4=21.
Equation of AC using point A(6,0):
y−0=21(x−6)⟹y=21x−3
Let the coordinates of M be (x,21x−3).
5. Set up an equation for the area of triangle $MNC$ and solve for $x$
Using the shoelace formula for △MNC with vertices M(x,21x−3), N(0,2), and C(−2,−4):
Area=21∣x(2)+0(−4)+(−2)(21x−3)−(21x−3)(0)−(2)(−2)−(−4)(x)∣=15
21∣2x+0−x+6−0+4+4x∣=15
21∣5x+10∣=15
∣5x+10∣=30
5x+10=30or5x+10=−30
5x=20⟹x=4
5x=−40⟹x=−8
6. Determine the correct coordinates of $M$
Since M lies on the line segment AC, its x-coordinate must be between the x-coordinates of C(−2) and A(6).
Therefore, x=4.
Substitute x=4 into the equation of AC:
y=21(4)−3=−1
The coordinates of M are (4,−1).