下表是关于函数 y=x34−2x+1y = \dfrac{x^{3}}{4} - 2x + 1 的。

  1. ((a))

    完成关于函数 y=x34−2x+1y = \dfrac{x^{3}}{4} - 2x + 1 的数值表。

    1. x-3-2-10123
      y0.2532.751-0.751.75
  2. ((b))

    在对面的网格上,画出 −3≤x≤3-3 \le x \le 3 范围内的 y=x34−2x+1y = \dfrac{x^{3}}{4} - 2x + 1 函数图像。

  3. ((c))

    说明你的图像如何展示出,对于某些 kk 值,方程 x34−2x+1=k\dfrac{x^{3}}{4} - 2x + 1 = k 只有唯一解。

  4. ((d))

    方程 x3−9x−4=0x^{3} - 9x - 4 = 0 可以通过在网格上画一条合适的直线来求解。

    1. ((i))

      求该直线的方程。

      答案 ___

    2. ((ii))

      通过画出这条直线,求解方程 x3−9x−4=0x^{3} - 9x - 4 = 0。

      答案 x = ___ 或 ___

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完整解法

7((a))

1. Evaluate the function at the missing table entry $x=2$.

For x=2x=2,
y=234−2(2)+1y=\frac{2^3}{4}-2(2)+1
=84−4+1=\frac{8}{4}-4+1
=2−4+1=−1=2-4+1=-1

答案

The missing value is y=0y=0 when x=2x=2.

7((b))

1. Use the completed table to identify all coordinates to be plotted.

From the completed table,

(−3,0.25), (−2,3), (−1,2.75), (0,1), (1,−0.75), (2,0), (3,1.75).(-3,0.25),\ (-2,3),\ (-1,2.75),\ (0,1),\ (1,-0.75),\ (2,0),\ (3,1.75).

2. Plot the points accurately on the given grid.

Plot each point on the Cartesian grid at its corresponding xx-value and yy-value. For example, plot (2,0)(2,0) on the xx-axis and (1,−0.75)(1,-0.75) three-quarters of a unit below the xx-axis.

3. Join the plotted points with an appropriate smooth curve over the required interval.

Join the plotted points with a smooth curve from x=−3x=-3 to x=3x=3, not with straight line segments. The curve should pass close to all the plotted points and stop at x=−3x=-3 and x=3x=3.

答案

A smooth curve for y=x34−2x+1y=\dfrac{x^3}{4}-2x+1 is drawn through the plotted points (−3,0.25)(-3,0.25), (−2,3)(-2,3), (−1,2.75)(-1,2.75), (0,1)(0,1), (1,−0.75)(1,-0.75), (2,0)(2,0) and (3,1.75)(3,1.75) for −3≤x≤3-3\le x\le 3.

7((c))

1. Relate the equation to intersections of the graph with a horizontal line.

The equation x34−2x+1=k\dfrac{x^3}{4}-2x+1=k is solved graphically by drawing the horizontal line y=ky=k and finding where it meets the curve y=x34−2x+1y=\dfrac{x^3}{4}-2x+1. For some values of kk, this horizontal line cuts the curve at only one point, so there is only one solution.

答案

For some values of kk, the horizontal line y=ky=k cuts the curve at only one point. Hence x34−2x+1=k\dfrac{x^3}{4}-2x+1=k has only one solution for those values of kk.

7((d))((i))

1. Express the given cubic equation in terms of the graphed function.

The graph already drawn is
y=x34−2x+1.y=\dfrac{x^3}{4}-2x+1.
From
x3−9x−4=0,x^3-9x-4=0,
divide throughout by 44:
x34−9x4−1=0.\dfrac{x^3}{4}-\dfrac{9x}{4}-1=0.

2. Rearrange to obtain the equation of the straight line.

Rearrange so that x34−2x+1\dfrac{x^3}{4}-2x+1 is on one side:
x34−9x4−1=0\dfrac{x^3}{4}-\dfrac{9x}{4}-1=0
x34−2x+1=x4+2.\dfrac{x^3}{4}-2x+1=\dfrac{x}{4}+2.
Since the curve is y=x34−2x+1y=\dfrac{x^3}{4}-2x+1, the suitable straight line is
y=x4+2.y=\dfrac{x}{4}+2.

答案

y=x4+2y=\dfrac{x}{4}+2

7((d))((ii))

1. Draw the straight line obtained in part (d)(i) on the same graph.

From part (d)(i), draw the line

y=x4+2.y=\frac{x}{4}+2.

For example, it passes through convenient points such as (0,2)(0,2) and (2,2.5)(2,2.5).

2. Read the $x$-coordinates where the line intersects the cubic curve.

The solutions of

x3−9x−4=0x^3-9x-4=0

are given by the intersection points of the curve

y=x34−2x+1y=\frac{x^3}{4}-2x+1

and the line

y=x4+2.y=\frac{x}{4}+2.

From the graph, the two visible intersections occur at approximately

x≈−2.7andx≈−0.5.x\approx -2.7 \quad \text{and} \quad x\approx -0.5.

答案

x≈−2.7x \approx -2.7 or x≈−0.5x \approx -0.5

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