The coordinates of P and Q are (0, 3) and (15, 12) respectively.

  1. (a)

    Find the equation of PQ.

  2. (b)

    Find the perimeter of trapezium OPQR, where O is the origin and R is the point of reflection of Q along the x-axis.

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Worked solution

19(a)

1. Find the gradient of $PQ$ using the two coordinates.

For P(0,3)P(0,3) and Q(15,12)Q(15,12),
m=12−315−0=915=35.m=\frac{12-3}{15-0}=\frac{9}{15}=\frac{3}{5}.

2. Use the y-intercept to write the equation of the line.

Since P(0,3)P(0,3) lies on the y-axis, the y-intercept is 33.

Using y=mx+cy=mx+c,
y=35x+3.y=\frac{3}{5}x+3.

Answer

y=35x+3y=\dfrac{3}{5}x+3

19(b)

1. Find the coordinates of R after reflecting Q in the x-axis.

Q=(15,12)Q=(15,12).

Reflection in the xx-axis changes (x,y)(x,y) to (x,−y)(x,-y).

So R=(15,−12)R=(15,-12).

2. Find the lengths of the four sides of trapezium OPQR.

O=(0,0)O=(0,0) and P=(0,3)P=(0,3), so

OP=3OP=3.

P=(0,3)P=(0,3) and Q=(15,12)Q=(15,12), so

PQ=(15−0)2+(12−3)2=152+92=306=334.PQ=\sqrt{(15-0)^2+(12-3)^2}=\sqrt{15^2+9^2}=\sqrt{306}=3\sqrt{34}.

Q=(15,12)Q=(15,12) and R=(15,−12)R=(15,-12), so

QR=24QR=24.

R=(15,−12)R=(15,-12) and O=(0,0)O=(0,0), so

RO=(15−0)2+(−12−0)2=152+122=369=341.RO=\sqrt{(15-0)^2+(-12-0)^2}=\sqrt{15^2+12^2}=\sqrt{369}=3\sqrt{41}.

3. Add the side lengths to find the perimeter.

Perimeter of OPQROPQR

=OP+PQ+QR+RO=OP+PQ+QR+RO

=3+334+24+341=3+3\sqrt{34}+24+3\sqrt{41}

=27+334+341=27+3\sqrt{34}+3\sqrt{41}

=63.7 units (to 3 s.f.).=63.7\text{ units }\text{(to 3 s.f.)}.

Answer

4242 units

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