The diagram shows part of the curve y=76x+1y = \frac{7}{6x + 1} intersecting the yy-axis at A(0,7)A(0, 7).
The tangent to the curve at the point K(1,1)K(1, 1) intersects the yy-axis at BB.

  1. (a)

    Find the coordinates of BB.

  2. (b)

    Find the area of the shaded region bounded by the curve, the tangent KBKB and the yy-axis.

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Worked solution

12(a)

1. Find the derivative of the curve equation

y=7(6x+1)−1y = 7(6x + 1)^{-1}
dydx=−7(6x+1)−2⋅6=−42(6x+1)2\frac{dy}{dx} = -7(6x + 1)^{-2} \cdot 6 = -\frac{42}{(6x + 1)^2}

2. Calculate the gradient of the tangent at $K(1, 1)$

At x=1x = 1,
m=−42(6(1)+1)2=−4249=−67m = -\frac{42}{(6(1) + 1)^2} = -\frac{42}{49} = -\frac{6}{7}

3. Find the equation of the tangent line and the coordinates of $B$

Equation of tangent at K(1,1)K(1, 1):
y−1=−67(x−1)y - 1 = -\frac{6}{7}(x - 1)
Since BB is the yy-intercept, substitute x=0x = 0:
y−1=−67(0−1)y - 1 = -\frac{6}{7}(0 - 1)
y=1+67=137y = 1 + \frac{6}{7} = \frac{13}{7}
Coordinates of BB are (0,137)\left(0, \frac{13}{7}\right).

Answer

(0,137)\left(0, \frac{13}{7}\right)

12(b)

1. Find the equation of the tangent and the coordinates of B from part (a)

y=7(6x+1)−1y = 7(6x+1)^{-1}
dydx=−7(6x+1)−2(6)=−42(6x+1)2\frac{dy}{dx} = -7(6x+1)^{-2}(6) = -\frac{42}{(6x+1)^2}
At K(1,1)K(1, 1), m=−4272=−4249=−67m = -\frac{42}{7^2} = -\frac{42}{49} = -\frac{6}{7}
Equation of tangent: y−1=−67(x−1)  ⟹  y=−67x+137y - 1 = -\frac{6}{7}(x - 1) \implies y = -\frac{6}{7}x + \frac{13}{7}
At x=0x = 0, y=137y = \frac{13}{7}. So B(0,137)B(0, \frac{13}{7}).

2. Set up the integral for the area under the curve from x = 0 to x = 1

Area under curve =∫0176x+1 dx= \int_0^1 \frac{7}{6x+1} \, dx

3. Evaluate the integral

∫0176x+1 dx=[76ln⁡(6x+1)]01\int_0^1 \frac{7}{6x+1} \, dx = \left[ \frac{7}{6} \ln(6x+1) \right]_0^1
=76ln⁡(7)−76ln⁡(1)= \frac{7}{6} \ln(7) - \frac{7}{6} \ln(1)
=76ln⁡7= \frac{7}{6} \ln 7

4. Calculate the area of the trapezium under the tangent KB

Area of trapezium =12×(OB+yK)×h= \frac{1}{2} \times (OB + y_K) \times h
=12×(137+1)×1= \frac{1}{2} \times \left(\frac{13}{7} + 1\right) \times 1
=12×207=107= \frac{1}{2} \times \frac{20}{7} = \frac{10}{7}

5. Find the shaded area by subtracting the trapezium area from the area under the curve

Shaded Area =76ln⁡7−107= \frac{7}{6} \ln 7 - \frac{10}{7}
≈2.2702−1.4286=0.8416≈0.842\approx 2.2702 - 1.4286 = 0.8416 \approx 0.842 units2^2

Answer

1.171.17 units2^2

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