Given that f(x)=x2−ax+3f(x)=x^2-ax+3, where aa is a constant,

  1. (a)

    find the range of values of aa for which f(x)>x−1f(x)>x-1, for all real values of xx.

  2. (b)

    find the value(s) of aa for which the line y=a+4y=a+4 is a tangent to the curve y=f(x)y=f(x).

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Worked solution

4(a)

1. Set up the inequality and rearrange it into standard quadratic form

x2−ax+3>x−1x^2 - ax + 3 > x - 1
x2−ax−x+4>0x^2 - ax - x + 4 > 0
x2−(a+1)x+4>0x^2 - (a + 1)x + 4 > 0

2. Apply the discriminant condition for a quadratic to be always positive

For the quadratic to be always positive, the discriminant must be less than zero (since the coefficient of x2x^2 is 1>01 > 0).
Δ<0\Delta < 0
(−(a+1))2−4(1)(4)<0(-(a + 1))^2 - 4(1)(4) < 0

3. Simplify the discriminant inequality

(a+1)2−16<0(a + 1)^2 - 16 < 0
(a+1)2<16(a + 1)^2 < 16

4. Solve the quadratic inequality for $a$

−4<a+1<4-4 < a + 1 < 4
−5<a<3-5 < a < 3

Answer

−5<a<3-5 < a < 3

4(b)

1. Form a quadratic equation by equating the line and the curve

x2−ax+3=a+4x^2 - ax + 3 = a + 4
x2−ax−a−1=0x^2 - ax - a - 1 = 0

2. Apply the condition for a line to be a tangent to a curve

For the line to be a tangent, the discriminant must be zero (b2−4ac=0b^2 - 4ac = 0).
(−a)2−4(1)(−a−1)=0(-a)^2 - 4(1)(-a - 1) = 0
a2+4a+4=0a^2 + 4a + 4 = 0

3. Solve the resulting quadratic equation for $a$

(a+2)2=0(a + 2)^2 = 0
a=−2a = -2

Answer

a=−2a = -2

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