1. Find the area of the triangular cross-section $ABC$.
In △ A M C \triangle AMC △ A MC , ∠ A M C = 90 ∘ \angle AMC = 90^\circ ∠ A MC = 9 0 ∘ and ∠ A C M = 45 ∘ \angle ACM = 45^\circ ∠ A CM = 4 5 ∘ , so △ A M C \triangle AMC △ A MC is an isosceles right-angled triangle.
A M = M C = 2 + 1 2 AM = MC = \sqrt{2} + \frac{1}{2} A M = MC = 2 + 2 1
Area of △ A B C = 1 2 × B C × A M = 1 2 × ( 2 M C ) × M C = M C 2 \triangle ABC = \frac{1}{2} \times BC \times AM = \frac{1}{2} \times (2MC) \times MC = MC^2 △ A BC = 2 1 × BC × A M = 2 1 × ( 2 MC ) × MC = M C 2
Area = ( 2 + 1 2 ) 2 = 2 + 2 + 1 4 = 9 4 + 2 = 9 + 4 2 4 cm 2 = \left(\sqrt{2} + \frac{1}{2}\right)^2 = 2 + \sqrt{2} + \frac{1}{4} = \frac{9}{4} + \sqrt{2} = \frac{9 + 4\sqrt{2}}{4}\text{ cm}^2 = ( 2 + 2 1 ) 2 = 2 + 2 + 4 1 = 4 9 + 2 = 4 9 + 4 2 cm 2
2. Set up the equation for the volume of the prism to find $AD$.
Volume of prism = Area of cross-section × \times × length A D AD A D
25 + 22 2 = ( 9 + 4 2 4 ) × A D 25 + 22\sqrt{2} = \left(\frac{9 + 4\sqrt{2}}{4}\right) \times AD 25 + 22 2 = ( 4 9 + 4 2 ) × A D
A D = 4 ( 25 + 22 2 ) 9 + 4 2 = 100 + 88 2 9 + 4 2 AD = \frac{4(25 + 22\sqrt{2})}{9 + 4\sqrt{2}} = \frac{100 + 88\sqrt{2}}{9 + 4\sqrt{2}} A D = 9 + 4 2 4 ( 25 + 22 2 ) = 9 + 4 2 100 + 88 2
3. Rationalise the denominator.
A D = 100 + 88 2 9 + 4 2 × 9 − 4 2 9 − 4 2 AD = \frac{100 + 88\sqrt{2}}{9 + 4\sqrt{2}} \times \frac{9 - 4\sqrt{2}}{9 - 4\sqrt{2}} A D = 9 + 4 2 100 + 88 2 × 9 − 4 2 9 − 4 2
Denominator = 9 2 − ( 4 2 ) 2 = 81 − 32 = 49 = 9^2 - (4\sqrt{2})^2 = 81 - 32 = 49 = 9 2 − ( 4 2 ) 2 = 81 − 32 = 49
Numerator = 100 ( 9 ) − 100 ( 4 2 ) + 88 2 ( 9 ) − 88 2 ( 4 2 ) = 100(9) - 100(4\sqrt{2}) + 88\sqrt{2}(9) - 88\sqrt{2}(4\sqrt{2}) = 100 ( 9 ) − 100 ( 4 2 ) + 88 2 ( 9 ) − 88 2 ( 4 2 )
= 900 − 400 2 + 792 2 − 352 ( 2 ) = 900 - 400\sqrt{2} + 792\sqrt{2} - 352(2) = 900 − 400 2 + 792 2 − 352 ( 2 )
= 900 − 704 + 392 2 = 900 - 704 + 392\sqrt{2} = 900 − 704 + 392 2
= 196 + 392 2 = 196 + 392\sqrt{2} = 196 + 392 2
4. Simplify the fraction to get the final answer.
A D = 196 + 392 2 49 = 4 + 8 2 AD = \frac{196 + 392\sqrt{2}}{49} = 4 + 8\sqrt{2} A D = 49 196 + 392 2 = 4 + 8 2
答案 ( 4 + 8 2 ) cm (4 + 8\sqrt{2})\text{ cm} ( 4 + 8 2 ) cm