The function f\text{f} is defined for all real values of xx and is such that f′′(x)=6x+2\text{f}''(x) = 6x + 2.
The gradient to the curve y=f(x)y = \text{f}(x) at the point (−1,10)(-1, 10) is 1111.

  1. (a)

    Find an expression for f′(x)\text{f}'(x).

  2. (b)

    Hence find the equation of the curve y=f(x)y = \text{f}(x).

  3. (c)

    Determine whether the curve y=f(x)y = \text{f}(x) have stationary point(s).
    Explain with clear working.

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Worked solution

6(a)

1. Integrate the second derivative to find the general form of the first derivative.

f′(x)=∫(6x+2) dx\text{f}'(x) = \int (6x + 2) \, dx
f′(x)=6x22+2x+c\text{f}'(x) = \frac{6x^2}{2} + 2x + c
f′(x)=3x2+2x+c\text{f}'(x) = 3x^2 + 2x + c

2. Use the given gradient at $x = -1$ to find the constant of integration $c$.

Given that the gradient to the curve at (−1,10)(-1, 10) is 1111, we have f′(−1)=11\text{f}'(-1) = 11.
3(−1)2+2(−1)+c=113(-1)^2 + 2(-1) + c = 11
3−2+c=113 - 2 + c = 11
1+c=111 + c = 11
c=10c = 10

3. State the final expression for $\text{f}'(x)$.

f′(x)=3x2+2x+10\text{f}'(x) = 3x^2 + 2x + 10

Answer

f′(x)=3x2+2x+10\text{f}'(x) = 3x^2 + 2x + 10

6(b)

1. Find the expression for f'(x) from part (a)

f′′(x)=6x+2\text{f}''(x) = 6x + 2
f′(x)=∫(6x+2) dx=3x2+2x+c\text{f}'(x) = \int (6x + 2) \, dx = 3x^2 + 2x + c
Given f′(−1)=11\text{f}'(-1) = 11:
3(−1)2+2(−1)+c=113(-1)^2 + 2(-1) + c = 11
3−2+c=11  ⟹  c=103 - 2 + c = 11 \implies c = 10
f′(x)=3x2+2x+10\text{f}'(x) = 3x^2 + 2x + 10

2. Integrate f'(x) to find the general form of f(x)

f(x)=∫(3x2+2x+10) dx\text{f}(x) = \int (3x^2 + 2x + 10) \, dx
f(x)=x3+x2+10x+d\text{f}(x) = x^3 + x^2 + 10x + d

3. Use the given point (-1, 10) to find the constant of integration d

Since the curve passes through (−1,10)(-1, 10):
10=(−1)3+(−1)2+10(−1)+d10 = (-1)^3 + (-1)^2 + 10(-1) + d
10=−1+1−10+d10 = -1 + 1 - 10 + d
10=−10+d  ⟹  d=2010 = -10 + d \implies d = 20
f(x)=x3+x2+10x+20\text{f}(x) = x^3 + x^2 + 10x + 20

Answer

y=x3+x2+10x+20y = x^3 + x^2 + 10x + 20

6(c)

1. State the expression for $\text{f}'(x)$ found in part (a) and set it to zero to find stationary points

From part (a), f′(x)=3x2+2x+10\text{f}'(x) = 3x^2 + 2x + 10.
For stationary points, f′(x)=0\text{f}'(x) = 0:
3x2+2x+10=03x^2 + 2x + 10 = 0

2. Calculate the discriminant of the quadratic equation

Discriminant, Δ=b2−4ac\Delta = b^2 - 4ac
Δ=(2)2−4(3)(10)\Delta = (2)^2 - 4(3)(10)
Δ=4−120=−116\Delta = 4 - 120 = -116

3. Conclude whether stationary points exist based on the discriminant

Since Δ<0\Delta < 0, the equation 3x2+2x+10=03x^2 + 2x + 10 = 0 has no real roots.
Therefore, f′(x)≠0\text{f}'(x) \neq 0 for all real xx, meaning the curve has no stationary points.

Answer

The curve has no stationary points.

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