A curve has the equation y=4x2−24x+30y=4x^2-24x+30. A line of gradient mm passes through the point (0,−10)(0,-10).

  1. (i)

    Express 4x2−24x+304x^2-24x+30 in the form a(x+h)2+ka(x+h)^2+k.

  2. (ii)

    Show that the minimum point of the curve has coordinates (3,−6)(3,-6).

  3. (iii)

    Sketch the graph of y=∣4x2−24x+30∣y=|4x^2-24x+30|, indicating clearly the exact x-intercept(s) and y-intercept.

  4. (iv)

    Given that 0<m≤100<m\le 10, determine the exact value of mm, for which the line intersects the graph of y=∣4x2−24x+30∣y=|4x^2-24x+30| at one real and distinct point.

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Worked solution

4(i)

1. Factorise out the coefficient of $x^2$ from the $x$ terms

4x2−24x+30=4(x2−6x)+304x^2-24x+30 = 4(x^2-6x)+30

2. Complete the square inside the bracket

=4[(x−62)2−(62)2]+30= 4\left[\left(x-\frac{6}{2}\right)^2 - \left(\frac{6}{2}\right)^2\right] + 30
=4[(x−3)2−9]+30= 4[(x-3)^2 - 9] + 30

3. Expand and simplify to reach the final form

=4(x−3)2−36+30= 4(x-3)^2 - 36 + 30
=4(x−3)2−6= 4(x-3)^2 - 6

Answer

4(x−3)2−64(x-3)^2-6

4(ii)

1. Use the completed square form from part (i) to identify the minimum point

From part (i), y=4(x−3)2−6y = 4(x-3)^2 - 6.
Since 4(x−3)2≥04(x-3)^2 \ge 0 for all real xx, the minimum value of yy is −6-6.
This occurs when x−3=0x - 3 = 0, which gives x=3x = 3.

2. State the coordinates of the minimum point

Therefore, the minimum point has coordinates (3,−6)(3, -6) (shown).

Answer

The minimum point is (3,−6)(3, -6).

4(iii)

1. Find the exact x-intercepts of the curve by setting $y = 0$.

4(x−3)2−6=04(x-3)^2 - 6 = 0
(x−3)2=64=32(x-3)^2 = \frac{6}{4} = \frac{3}{2}
x−3=±32=±62x - 3 = \pm\sqrt{\frac{3}{2}} = \pm\frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}
x=3±62x = 3 \pm \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}

2. Determine the y-intercept and the new turning point after applying the modulus.

When x=0x = 0, y=∣30∣=30y = |30| = 30.
The original minimum point is (3,−6)(3, -6).
Reflecting the negative portion in the x-axis, the new turning point is a local maximum at (3,6)(3, 6).

3. Sketch the modulus graph with all key features labelled.

Draw a W-shaped curve entirely above or on the x-axis.
Label the y-intercept at (0,30)(0, 30).
Label the x-intercepts at (3−62,0)(3 - \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}, 0) and (3+62,0)(3 + \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}, 0).
Label the local maximum turning point at (3,6)(3, 6).

Answer

A W-shaped curve in the upper half-plane, touching the x-axis at x=3−62x = 3 - \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2} and x=3+62x = 3 + \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2}, with a local maximum at (3,6)(3, 6) and y-intercept at (0,30)(0, 30).

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