The highest point on a circle C1C_1 is (2, 8). The equation of the tangent, TT, to C1C_1 at the point (6, 6) is 3y+4x=423y + 4x = 42.

  1. (a)

    Find the equation of C1C_1.

  2. (b)

    A second circle, C2C_2, is the reflection of C1C_1 in the line TT.

    Find the equation of C2C_2.

    Continuation of working space for question 8(b).

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Worked solution

8(a)

1. Determine the $x$-coordinate of the centre of the circle.

Since the highest point on the circle is (2,8)(2, 8), the xx-coordinate of the centre must be 22. Let the centre be (2,b)(2, b).

2. Find the gradient of the normal to the circle at $(6, 6)$.

The equation of the tangent is 3y+4x=423y + 4x = 42, which can be rewritten as y=−43x+14y = -\frac{4}{3}x + 14.
The gradient of the tangent is −43-\frac{4}{3}.
The gradient of the normal is −1−43=34\frac{-1}{-\frac{4}{3}} = \frac{3}{4}.

3. Find the $y$-coordinate of the centre.

The normal passes through the point of tangency (6,6)(6, 6) and the centre (2,b)(2, b).
6−b6−2=34\frac{6 - b}{6 - 2} = \frac{3}{4}
6−b4=34\frac{6 - b}{4} = \frac{3}{4}
6−b=3  ⟹  b=36 - b = 3 \implies b = 3
The centre of the circle is (2,3)(2, 3).

4. Calculate the radius squared and write the equation of the circle.

The radius squared, r2r^2, is the squared distance between the centre (2,3)(2, 3) and the point (6,6)(6, 6).
r2=(6−2)2+(6−3)2=42+32=16+9=25r^2 = (6 - 2)^2 + (6 - 3)^2 = 4^2 + 3^2 = 16 + 9 = 25
The equation of the circle C1C_1 is (x−2)2+(y−3)2=25(x - 2)^2 + (y - 3)^2 = 25.

Answer

(x−2)2+(y−3)2=25(x - 2)^2 + (y - 3)^2 = 25

8(b)

1. Recall the center and radius of $C_1$ from part (a) and establish the geometric relationship for the reflection.

From part (a), the center of C1C_1 is (2,3)(2, 3) and its radius is 55.
Since C2C_2 is the reflection of C1C_1 in the tangent TT at the point (6,6)(6, 6), the point of tangency (6,6)(6, 6) is the midpoint of the line segment joining the centers of C1C_1 and C2C_2.

2. Find the center of $C_2$ using the midpoint formula.

Let the center of C2C_2 be (x2,y2)(x_2, y_2).
Using the midpoint formula:
2+x22=6  ⟹  2+x2=12  ⟹  x2=10\frac{2 + x_2}{2} = 6 \implies 2 + x_2 = 12 \implies x_2 = 10
3+y22=6  ⟹  3+y2=12  ⟹  y2=9\frac{3 + y_2}{2} = 6 \implies 3 + y_2 = 12 \implies y_2 = 9
The center of C2C_2 is (10,9)(10, 9).

3. Write the equation of $C_2$.

The radius of C2C_2 is the same as C1C_1, which is 55.
The equation of C2C_2 is:
(x−10)2+(y−9)2=52(x - 10)^2 + (y - 9)^2 = 5^2
(x−10)2+(y−9)2=25(x - 10)^2 + (y - 9)^2 = 25

Answer

(x−10)2+(y−9)2=25(x - 10)^2 + (y - 9)^2 = 25

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