The equation of a curve is y=2x2−6x+9y = 2x^2 - 6x + 9.

  1. (a)

    By expressing 2x2−6x+92x^2 - 6x + 9 in the form a(x+b)2+ca(x+b)^2 + c, where aa, bb and cc are constants, explain if it is possible for the curve to have a value smaller than 92\frac{9}{2}.

  2. (b)

    The line y=3x+5y = 3x + 5 intersects the curve y=2x2−6x+9y = 2x^2 - 6x + 9 at points PP and QQ.
    Find the length of PQPQ and express your answer in exact form.

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Worked solution

7(a)

1. Express the quadratic expression in the form $a(x+b)^2 + c$ by completing the square

2x2−6x+92x^2 - 6x + 9
=2(x2−3x)+9= 2\left(x^2 - 3x\right) + 9
=2[(x−32)2−(32)2]+9= 2\left[\left(x - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 - \left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\right] + 9
=2(x−32)2−2(94)+9= 2\left(x - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 - 2\left(\frac{9}{4}\right) + 9
=2(x−32)2−92+9= 2\left(x - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 - \frac{9}{2} + 9
=2(x−32)2+92= 2\left(x - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 + \frac{9}{2}

2. Explain whether the curve can have a value smaller than $9/2$

Since (x−32)2⩾0\left(x - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 \geqslant 0 for all real values of xx,
2(x−32)2⩾02\left(x - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 \geqslant 0
2(x−32)2+92⩾922\left(x - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 + \frac{9}{2} \geqslant \frac{9}{2}
The minimum value of the curve is 92\frac{9}{2}. Therefore, it is not possible for the curve to have a value smaller than 92\frac{9}{2}.

Answer

2(x−32)2+922\left(x - \frac{3}{2}\right)^2 + \frac{9}{2}. No, it is not possible because the minimum value of the curve is 92\frac{9}{2}.

7(b)

1. Set up the equation to find the points of intersection

Equate the line and the curve:
2x2−6x+9=3x+52x^2 - 6x + 9 = 3x + 5

2. Rearrange into a standard quadratic equation

2x2−9x+4=02x^2 - 9x + 4 = 0

3. Solve the quadratic equation for x

(2x−1)(x−4)=0(2x - 1)(x - 4) = 0
x=12 or x=4x = \frac{1}{2} \text{ or } x = 4

4. Find the corresponding y-coordinates

When x=12x = \frac{1}{2}, y=3(12)+5=132y = 3(\frac{1}{2}) + 5 = \frac{13}{2}
When x=4x = 4, y=3(4)+5=17y = 3(4) + 5 = 17
The points are P(12,132)P(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{13}{2}) and Q(4,17)Q(4, 17).

5. Calculate the exact length of PQ

PQ=(4−12)2+(17−132)2PQ = \sqrt{(4 - \frac{1}{2})^2 + (17 - \frac{13}{2})^2}
PQ=(72)2+(212)2PQ = \sqrt{(\frac{7}{2})^2 + (\frac{21}{2})^2}
PQ=494+4414PQ = \sqrt{\frac{49}{4} + \frac{441}{4}}
PQ=4904PQ = \sqrt{\frac{490}{4}}
PQ=4902=7102PQ = \frac{\sqrt{490}}{2} = \frac{7\sqrt{10}}{2}

Answer

10\sqrt{10}

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