The diagram shows part of the curve y=(9−x)(x−3)y=(9-x)(x-3) and the line y=k−3y=k-3, where k>3k>3. The line through the maximum point of the curve, parallel to the y-axis, meets the x-axis at A. The curve meets the x-axis at B and the line y=k−3y=k-3 meets the curve at the point C(k, k−3)C(k,\,k-3).

  1. ((i))

    Show that the value of kk is 8.

  2. ((ii))

    Find the area of the shaded region.

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Worked solution

11((i))

1. Substitute the coordinates of point $C$ into the equation of the curve.

Since C(k,k−3)C(k, k-3) lies on the curve y=(9−x)(x−3)y = (9-x)(x-3), we substitute x=kx = k and y=k−3y = k-3:
k−3=(9−k)(k−3)k - 3 = (9 - k)(k - 3)

2. Solve the equation for $k$.

k−3−(9−k)(k−3)=0k - 3 - (9 - k)(k - 3) = 0
(k−3)[1−(9−k)]=0(k - 3)[1 - (9 - k)] = 0
(k−3)(k−8)=0(k - 3)(k - 8) = 0
k=3ork=8k = 3 \quad \text{or} \quad k = 8

3. Select the valid value of $k$ based on the given condition.

Since we are given k>3k > 3, we reject k=3k = 3.
Therefore, k=8k = 8 (shown).

Answer

k=8k = 8

11((ii))

1. Find the x-coordinate of the maximum point A

The curve is y=(9−x)(x−3)y = (9-x)(x-3).
The x-intercepts are x=9x = 9 and x=3x = 3.
By symmetry, the x-coordinate of the maximum point A is 9+32=6\frac{9+3}{2} = 6.

2. Find the x-coordinate of point B

The curve meets the x-axis at B, which is the right-hand intercept.
From the roots x=3x=3 and x=9x=9, B is at x=9x=9.

3. Set up the definite integral for the shaded area

The shaded region is bounded by the curve, the x-axis, and the vertical line through A (x=6x=6).
Area = ∫69(9−x)(x−3) dx\int_{6}^{9} (9-x)(x-3) \, dx

4. Expand the integrand and integrate

(9−x)(x−3)=9x−27−x2+3x=−x2+12x−27(9-x)(x-3) = 9x - 27 - x^2 + 3x = -x^2 + 12x - 27
∫(−x2+12x−27) dx=[−x33+6x2−27x]69\int (-x^2 + 12x - 27) \, dx = \left[ -\frac{x^3}{3} + 6x^2 - 27x \right]_{6}^{9}

5. Evaluate the definite integral

At x=9x=9:
−933+6(92)−27(9)=−243+486−243=0-\frac{9^3}{3} + 6(9^2) - 27(9) = -243 + 486 - 243 = 0

At x=6x=6:
−633+6(62)−27(6)=−72+216−162=−18-\frac{6^3}{3} + 6(6^2) - 27(6) = -72 + 216 - 162 = -18

Area = 0−(−18)=180 - (-18) = 18

Answer

3636

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