Given that y is directly proportional to the (3x+7)2(3x + 7)^2, and that y=6y = 6 when x=−4x = -4.

  1. (a)

    Express yy in terms of xx.

    Answer (a) ...

  2. (b)

    Hence, find the values of xx when y=15.36y = 15.36.

    Answer (b) ...

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Worked solution

2(a)

1. Translate the direct proportion statement into an equation.

Since yy is directly proportional to (3x+7)2(3x+7)^2,
y=k(3x+7)2y = k(3x+7)^2
where kk is a constant.

2. Substitute the given values to find the constant of proportionality.

Given y=6y=6 when x=−4x=-4,
6=k(3(−4)+7)26 = k(3(-4)+7)^2
6=k(−12+7)26 = k(-12+7)^2
6=25k6 = 25k
k=625k = \frac{6}{25}

Answer

y=6(3x+7)2y = 6(3x+7)^2

2(b)

1. Substitute $y=15.36$ into the expression from part (a).

From part (a),
y=6(3x+7)2.y=6(3x+7)^2.
When y=15.36y=15.36,
15.36=6(3x+7)215.36=6(3x+7)^2
(3x+7)2=15.366=2.56.(3x+7)^2=\frac{15.36}{6}=2.56.

2. Take square roots and solve for both possible values of $x$.

3x+7=±2.56=±1.6.3x+7=\pm\sqrt{2.56}=\pm1.6.
So
3x+7=1.6or3x+7=−1.6.3x+7=1.6 \quad \text{or} \quad 3x+7=-1.6.
For 3x+7=1.63x+7=1.6,
3x=−5.43x=-5.4
x=−1.8.x=-1.8.
For 3x+7=−1.63x+7=-1.6,
3x=−8.63x=-8.6
x=−8.63=−4315.x=-\frac{8.6}{3}=-\frac{43}{15}.

Answer

x=−3.2x=-3.2 or x=−2215x=-\dfrac{22}{15}

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