1. Evaluate the constant term involving logarithms.
1 log 9 3 = log 3 9 = 2 \frac{1}{\log_9 3} = \log_3 9 = 2 l o g 9 3 1 = log 3 9 = 2
The equation becomes:
2 + log 3 ( 2 x + 6 ) = log 3 ( 1 − x ) + 1 2 + \log_3(2x + 6) = \log_{\sqrt{3}}(1 - x) + 1 2 + log 3 ( 2 x + 6 ) = log 3 ( 1 − x ) + 1
1 + log 3 ( 2 x + 6 ) = log 3 ( 1 − x ) 1 + \log_3(2x + 6) = \log_{\sqrt{3}}(1 - x) 1 + log 3 ( 2 x + 6 ) = log 3 ( 1 − x )
2. Change the base of the logarithm on the right-hand side to base 3.
log 3 ( 1 − x ) = log 3 ( 1 − x ) log 3 3 = log 3 ( 1 − x ) 1 2 = 2 log 3 ( 1 − x ) \log_{\sqrt{3}}(1 - x) = \frac{\log_3(1 - x)}{\log_3 \sqrt{3}} = \frac{\log_3(1 - x)}{\frac{1}{2}} = 2\log_3(1 - x) log 3 ( 1 − x ) = l o g 3 3 l o g 3 ( 1 − x ) = 2 1 l o g 3 ( 1 − x ) = 2 log 3 ( 1 − x )
3. Combine the logarithmic terms into a single equation.
1 + log 3 ( 2 x + 6 ) = 2 log 3 ( 1 − x ) 1 + \log_3(2x + 6) = 2\log_3(1 - x) 1 + log 3 ( 2 x + 6 ) = 2 log 3 ( 1 − x )
log 3 3 + log 3 ( 2 x + 6 ) = log 3 ( 1 − x ) 2 \log_3 3 + \log_3(2x + 6) = \log_3(1 - x)^2 log 3 3 + log 3 ( 2 x + 6 ) = log 3 ( 1 − x ) 2
log 3 ( 3 ( 2 x + 6 ) ) = log 3 ( x 2 − 2 x + 1 ) \log_3(3(2x + 6)) = \log_3(x^2 - 2x + 1) log 3 ( 3 ( 2 x + 6 )) = log 3 ( x 2 − 2 x + 1 )
log 3 ( 6 x + 18 ) = log 3 ( x 2 − 2 x + 1 ) \log_3(6x + 18) = \log_3(x^2 - 2x + 1) log 3 ( 6 x + 18 ) = log 3 ( x 2 − 2 x + 1 )
4. Equate the arguments and form a quadratic equation.
6 x + 18 = x 2 − 2 x + 1 6x + 18 = x^2 - 2x + 1 6 x + 18 = x 2 − 2 x + 1
x 2 − 8 x − 17 = 0 x^2 - 8x - 17 = 0 x 2 − 8 x − 17 = 0
5. Solve the quadratic equation and check for valid solutions.
x = − ( − 8 ) ± ( − 8 ) 2 − 4 ( 1 ) ( − 17 ) 2 ( 1 ) x = \frac{-(-8) \pm \sqrt{(-8)^2 - 4(1)(-17)}}{2(1)} x = 2 ( 1 ) − ( − 8 ) ± ( − 8 ) 2 − 4 ( 1 ) ( − 17 )
x = 8 ± 64 + 68 2 x = \frac{8 \pm \sqrt{64 + 68}}{2} x = 2 8 ± 64 + 68
x = 8 ± 132 2 = 8 ± 2 33 2 = 4 ± 33 x = \frac{8 \pm \sqrt{132}}{2} = \frac{8 \pm 2\sqrt{33}}{2} = 4 \pm \sqrt{33} x = 2 8 ± 132 = 2 8 ± 2 33 = 4 ± 33
For the logarithms to be defined, we need 2 x + 6 > 0 ⟹ x > − 3 2x + 6 > 0 \implies x > -3 2 x + 6 > 0 ⟹ x > − 3 and 1 − x > 0 ⟹ x < 1 1 - x > 0 \implies x < 1 1 − x > 0 ⟹ x < 1 .
Since 4 + 33 ≈ 9.74 > 1 4 + \sqrt{33} \approx 9.74 > 1 4 + 33 ≈ 9.74 > 1 , we reject x = 4 + 33 x = 4 + \sqrt{33} x = 4 + 33 .
Since 4 − 33 ≈ − 1.74 4 - \sqrt{33} \approx -1.74 4 − 33 ≈ − 1.74 , which satisfies − 3 < x < 1 -3 < x < 1 − 3 < x < 1 , it is a valid solution.
答案 x = 4 − 33 x = 4 - \sqrt{33} x = 4 − 33