该图显示了一个形状为四边形 ABCD 的公园地图。 地图的比例尺为 1 cm 代表 10 m。

  1. (a)

    作角 ABC 的角平分线。

  2. (b)

    作 AB 的垂直平分线。

  3. (c)

    阴影表示 ABCD 内部到 AB 的距离小于到 BC 的距离,且到 B 的距离小于到 A 的距离的区域。

  4. (d)

    一棵树 T 位于公园 ABCD 内,使得它距离 D 30 m,且到 A 和 B 的距离相等。标出并注明 T 的准确位置。

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完整解法

25(a)

1. Construct equal reference points on the two arms of the angle.

With centre BB, draw an arc cutting BABA and BCBC at two points, say PP and QQ, respectively.

2. Locate a point equidistant from the two arms of the angle and draw the bisector.

Using the same compass radius, draw arcs from PP and QQ to meet inside ∠ABC\angle ABC at RR. Draw the straight line ray BRBR. This ray bisects ∠ABC\angle ABC.

答案

The angle bisector of ∠ABC\angle ABC is the constructed ray from BB through the intersection point of the two equal-radius arcs inside ∠ABC\angle ABC.

25(b)

1. Construct two equal-radius arc intersections from endpoints $A$ and $B$.

Set the compass radius to more than half of ABAB. With centre AA, draw arcs above and below ABAB. Without changing the compass radius, with centre BB, draw arcs cutting the first pair of arcs at two points.

2. Draw the perpendicular bisector of $AB$.

Use a ruler to join the two arc-intersection points. This line is the perpendicular bisector of ABAB.

答案

The perpendicular bisector of ABAB is the constructed straight line through the two arc-intersection points, meeting ABAB at its midpoint at 90∘90^\circ.

25(c)

1. Identify and shade the required intersection of the two locus regions.

The boundary for points closer to ABAB than to BCBC is the angle bisector of ∠ABC\angle ABC. Since the region must be closer to ABAB, choose the side of this bisector containing side ABAB.

The boundary for points closer to BB than to AA is the perpendicular bisector of ABAB. Since the region must be closer to BB, choose the side of this perpendicular bisector containing BB.

Shade the overlap of these two chosen regions inside ABCDABCD.

答案

Shade the part of ABCDABCD that is on the ABAB side of the angle bisector of ∠ABC\angle ABC and on the BB side of the perpendicular bisector of ABAB.

25(d)

1. Convert the real distance from $D$ to the map distance.

Scale: 1 cm1\text{ cm} represents 10 m10\text{ m}.

Therefore 30 m30\text{ m} represents
30÷10=3 cm.30 \div 10 = 3\text{ cm}.

2. Construct the two required loci and mark their intersection inside the park.

Draw a circle with centre DD and radius 3 cm3\text{ cm}.

Since TT is equidistant from AA and BB, TT must lie on the perpendicular bisector of ABAB constructed in part (b).

Mark the point where the circle intersects the perpendicular bisector of ABAB inside ABCDABCD, and label it TT.

答案

Mark and label TT at the intersection inside ABCDABCD of the perpendicular bisector of ABAB and the circle with centre DD and radius 3 cm3\text{ cm}.

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