将 4x2−6x−14x^2 - 6x - 1 和 −x2−10x+3-x^2 - 10x + 3 分别表示为 a(x+b)2+ca(x+b)^2 + c 的形式,其中 aa,bb 和 cc 是常数。 利用你在 (a) 中的答案,证明曲线 y=4x2−6x−1y = 4x^2 - 6x - 1 和 y=−x2−10x+3y = -x^2 - 10x + 3 会相交。

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完整解法

2(a)

1. Complete the square for the first expression

4x2−6x−14x^2 - 6x - 1
=4(x2−32x)−1= 4\left(x^2 - \frac{3}{2}x\right) - 1
=4[(x−34)2−(34)2]−1= 4\left[\left(x - \frac{3}{4}\right)^2 - \left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2\right] - 1
=4(x−34)2−4(916)−1= 4\left(x - \frac{3}{4}\right)^2 - 4\left(\frac{9}{16}\right) - 1
=4(x−34)2−94−44= 4\left(x - \frac{3}{4}\right)^2 - \frac{9}{4} - \frac{4}{4}
=4(x−34)2−134= 4\left(x - \frac{3}{4}\right)^2 - \frac{13}{4}

2. Complete the square for the second expression

−x2−10x+3-x^2 - 10x + 3
=−(x2+10x)+3= -\left(x^2 + 10x\right) + 3
=−[(x+5)2−52]+3= -\left[(x + 5)^2 - 5^2\right] + 3
=−(x+5)2+25+3= -(x + 5)^2 + 25 + 3
=−(x+5)2+28= -(x + 5)^2 + 28

答案

4x2−6x−1=4(x−34)2−1344x^2 - 6x - 1 = 4\left(x - \frac{3}{4}\right)^2 - \frac{13}{4}
−x2−10x+3=−(x+5)2+28-x^2 - 10x + 3 = -(x + 5)^2 + 28

2(b)

1. State the completed square forms from part (a)

From (a),
4x2−6x−1=4(x−34)2−1344x^2 - 6x - 1 = 4\left(x - \frac{3}{4}\right)^2 - \frac{13}{4}
−x2−10x+3=−(x+5)2+28-x^2 - 10x + 3 = -\left(x + 5\right)^2 + 28

2. Identify the minimum and maximum values of the two curves

For y=4(x−34)2−134y = 4\left(x - \frac{3}{4}\right)^2 - \frac{13}{4}, the minimum value is −134-\frac{13}{4} (since 4>04 > 0).
For y=−(x+5)2+28y = -\left(x + 5\right)^2 + 28, the maximum value is 2828 (since −1<0-1 < 0).

3. Compare the extreme values to deduce intersection

Since the minimum value of the first curve (−134-\frac{13}{4}) is less than the maximum value of the second curve (2828), and the first curve opens upwards while the second opens downwards, their ranges overlap. Since they are continuous curves, they must intersect.

答案

Since the minimum value of y=4x2−6x−1y = 4x^2 - 6x - 1 is −134-\frac{13}{4} and the maximum value of y=−x2−10x+3y = -x^2 - 10x + 3 is 2828, and −134<28-\frac{13}{4} < 28, the curves must intersect.

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