ϵ={integers x:2≤x≤13}\epsilon = \{\text{integers } x : 2 \le x \le 13\} A={prime numbers}A = \{\text{prime numbers}\} B={multiples of 4}B = \{\text{multiples of 4}\} C={factors of 12}C = \{\text{factors of 12}\} 列出以下集合中的元素:

  1. (a)

    B′B',

    答案 ...

  2. (b)

    A∩B′A \cap B',

    答案 ...

  3. (c)

    (A∪B)′(A \cup B)',

    答案 ...

  4. (d)

    B∩CB \cap C.

    答案 ...

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完整解法

18(a)

1. List the elements of the universal set and identify the elements of $B$.

ϵ={2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13}\epsilon=\{2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13\}

B={multiples of 4}={4,8,12}B=\{\text{multiples of }4\}=\{4,8,12\}

2. Find the complement $B'$ within the universal set.

B′B' means the elements in ϵ\epsilon that are not in BB.

So remove 4,8,124,8,12 from ϵ\epsilon:

B′={2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,13}B'=\{2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,13\}

答案

{2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,13}\{2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,13\}

18(b)

1. List the elements of $A$ and use $B'$ from part (a).

Within ϵ={2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13}\epsilon=\{2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13\},

A={2,3,5,7,11,13}A=\{2,3,5,7,11,13\}.

From part (a),

B′={2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,13}B'=\{2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,13\}.

2. Find the intersection of $A$ and $B'$.

A∩B′A\cap B' means the elements that are in both AA and B′B'.

So,

A∩B′={2,3,5,7,11,13}A\cap B'=\{2,3,5,7,11,13\}.

答案

{2,3,5,7,11,13}\{2,3,5,7,11,13\}

18(c)

1. Find the elements in $A \cup B$ within the universal set.

ϵ={2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13}\epsilon=\{2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13\}

A={2,3,5,7,11,13}A=\{2,3,5,7,11,13\}, since these are the prime numbers in ϵ\epsilon.

B={4,8,12}B=\{4,8,12\}, since these are the multiples of 4 in ϵ\epsilon.

So
A∪B={2,3,4,5,7,8,11,12,13}A\cup B=\{2,3,4,5,7,8,11,12,13\}.

2. Find the complement of $A \cup B$ within the universal set.

(A∪B)′(A\cup B)' means the elements in ϵ\epsilon that are not in A∪BA\cup B.

(A∪B)′={6,9,10}(A\cup B)'=\{6,9,10\}

答案

{6,9,10}\{6,9,10\}

18(d)

1. List the elements of $B$ and $C$ within the universal set.

The universal set is ϵ={2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13}\epsilon=\{2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13\}.

B={multiples of 4}={4,8,12}B=\{\text{multiples of 4}\}=\{4,8,12\}

C={factors of 12}={2,3,4,6,12}C=\{\text{factors of 12}\}=\{2,3,4,6,12\}

2. Find the elements common to both $B$ and $C$.

B∩CB\cap C means the elements that are in both BB and CC.

So,
B∩C={4,12}.B\cap C=\{4,12\}.

答案

{4,12}\{4,12\}

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