Find the range of values of kk for which the line 2x−y=52x - y = 5 intersects the curve xy=kx−2xy = kx - 2 at two distinct points. Find the smallest integer value of hh for which the graph y=2x2−4x+hy = 2x^2 - 4x + h lies entirely above the line y=3y = 3 for all values of xx.

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Worked solution

10(a)

1. Express $y$ in terms of $x$ from the linear equation and substitute into the curve's equation

From 2x−y=52x - y = 5, we have y=2x−5y = 2x - 5.
Substitute this into xy=kx−2xy = kx - 2:
x(2x−5)=kx−2x(2x - 5) = kx - 2

2. Rearrange the equation into standard quadratic form $ax^2 + bx + c = 0$

2x2−5x=kx−22x^2 - 5x = kx - 2
2x2−5x−kx+2=02x^2 - 5x - kx + 2 = 0
2x2−(5+k)x+2=02x^2 - (5 + k)x + 2 = 0

3. Apply the discriminant condition for two distinct points of intersection

For two distinct points of intersection, the discriminant b2−4ac>0b^2 - 4ac > 0.
(−(5+k))2−4(2)(2)>0(-(5 + k))^2 - 4(2)(2) > 0
(5+k)2−16>0(5 + k)^2 - 16 > 0

4. Solve the quadratic inequality to find the range of $k$

k2+10k+25−16>0k^2 + 10k + 25 - 16 > 0
k2+10k+9>0k^2 + 10k + 9 > 0
(k+9)(k+1)>0(k + 9)(k + 1) > 0
Therefore, k<−9k < -9 or k>−1k > -1.

Answer

k<−9k < -9 or k>−1k > -1

10(b)

1. Set up the inequality for the graph to lie entirely above the line

For the graph y=2x2−4x+hy = 2x^2 - 4x + h to lie entirely above y=3y = 3, we must have:
2x2−4x+h>32x^2 - 4x + h > 3
2x2−4x+(h−3)>02x^2 - 4x + (h - 3) > 0 for all real values of xx.

2. Apply the discriminant condition for a quadratic to be always positive

Since the coefficient of x2x^2 is 2>02 > 0, the curve opens upwards. For the quadratic expression to be always positive, it must have no real roots, so its discriminant must be less than zero:
b2−4ac<0b^2 - 4ac < 0
(−4)2−4(2)(h−3)<0(-4)^2 - 4(2)(h - 3) < 0
16−8(h−3)<016 - 8(h - 3) < 0
16−8h+24<016 - 8h + 24 < 0
40−8h<040 - 8h < 0

3. Solve the inequality for $h$ and find the smallest integer

8h>408h > 40
h>5h > 5

The smallest integer value of hh that satisfies this inequality is 66.

Answer

h=6h = 6

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