The diagram shows a triangle AGD with the points C and B lying on AD and points E and F lying on GD. It is given that CE//BF//AGCE//BF//AG, BF=2CEBF = 2CE and AG=3CEAG = 3CE.

  1. (a)

    Show that triangle DCE is similar to triangle DBF.

  2. (b)

    Given that the area of trapezium BFEC = 15 cm^2, find the area of trapezium AGFB.

    Answer ...cm^2

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Worked solution

18(a)

1. Identify one pair of equal angles at the common vertex $D$.

Since CC and BB lie on the same straight line ADAD, and EE and FF lie on the same straight line GDGD,
∠CDE=∠BDF.\angle CDE = \angle BDF.

2. Identify a second pair of equal corresponding angles using the parallel lines.

Since CE∥BFCE \parallel BF and DCDC is on the same straight line as DBDB,
∠DCE=∠DBF\angle DCE = \angle DBF
corresponding angles.

3. Conclude similarity by AA.

Therefore, two pairs of corresponding angles are equal. Hence,
△DCE∼△DBF(AA similarity).\triangle DCE \sim \triangle DBF \quad \text{(AA similarity).}

Answer

Since two pairs of corresponding angles are equal, by AA similarity,
△DCE∼△DBF.\triangle DCE \sim \triangle DBF.

18(b)

1. Use the parallel-line length ratios to find the linear scale factors of the similar triangles.

From part (a), △DCE∼△DBF\triangle DCE \sim \triangle DBF.

Since BF=2CEBF=2CE, the linear scale factor from △DCE\triangle DCE to △DBF\triangle DBF is 22.

Also, AG=3CEAG=3CE, so △DCE∼△DAG\triangle DCE \sim \triangle DAG with linear scale factor 33.

2. Convert linear scale factors to area ratios.

Areas of similar figures are in the square of their corresponding side ratios.

[DCE]:[DBF]:[DAG]=12:22:32=1:4:9[DCE]:[DBF]:[DAG]=1^2:2^2:3^2=1:4:9

3. Use the given trapezium area to find the area of the larger trapezium.

Trapezium BFECBFEC is the part between △DBF\triangle DBF and △DCE\triangle DCE.

[BFEC]=[DBF]−[DCE]=4−1=3 parts[BFEC]=[DBF]-[DCE]=4-1=3\text{ parts}

Given [BFEC]=15 cm2[BFEC]=15\text{ cm}^2,

1 part=153=5 cm21\text{ part}=\frac{15}{3}=5\text{ cm}^2

Trapezium AGFBAGFB is the part between △DAG\triangle DAG and △DBF\triangle DBF.

[AGFB]=[DAG]−[DBF]=9−4=5 parts[AGFB]=[DAG]-[DBF]=9-4=5\text{ parts}

[AGFB]=5×5=25 cm2[AGFB]=5\times 5=25\text{ cm}^2

Answer

75 cm275\text{ cm}^2

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