Jonathan used 4 identical right-angled triangles to form a figure PQRST shown below. PT = 12 cm. The perimeter of the figure is 40 cm. Find the area of PQRST.

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Worked solution

12

1. Find the length of one leg of the identical right-angled triangles.

The line segment PTPT is divided into two equal segments by MM.
PM=MT=12÷2=6 cmPM = MT = 12 \div 2 = 6\text{ cm}.
Thus, one leg of the identical right-angled triangles is 6 cm6\text{ cm}.

2. Express the perimeter of the figure in terms of the unknown leg.

Let the other leg of the right-angled triangle be x cmx\text{ cm} (which corresponds to MRMR).
The perimeter of PQRSTPQRST is made up of PTPT, PQPQ, QRQR, RSRS, and STST.
Since △PQR\triangle PQR and △TSR\triangle TSR are identical to △PMR\triangle PMR, their legs are also 6 cm6\text{ cm} and x cmx\text{ cm}.
PQ+QR=6+xPQ + QR = 6 + x
RS+ST=6+xRS + ST = 6 + x
Perimeter = PT+(PQ+QR)+(RS+ST)=12+(6+x)+(6+x)=24+2xPT + (PQ + QR) + (RS + ST) = 12 + (6 + x) + (6 + x) = 24 + 2x

3. Solve for the unknown leg $x$.

Given the perimeter is 40 cm40\text{ cm}:
24+2x=4024 + 2x = 40
2x=162x = 16
x=8 cmx = 8\text{ cm}

4. Calculate the area of one triangle and the total area of the figure.

Area of one right-angled triangle = 12×base×height=12×6×8=24 cm2\frac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \times \text{height} = \frac{1}{2} \times 6 \times 8 = 24\text{ cm}^2.
Total area of PQRSTPQRST = 4×24=96 cm24 \times 24 = 96\text{ cm}^2.

Answer

96 cm296\text{ cm}^2 (option 2)

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