It is given that f(x)=Ax(ekx)\mathrm{f}(x) = Ax(e^{kx}), where AA and kk are constants.
Find the exact values of AA and kk such that f′(x)+2kekx+6f(x)=0\mathrm{f}'(x) + 2ke^{kx} + 6\mathrm{f}(x) = 0.

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Worked solution

3

1. Find the derivative of $\mathrm{f}(x)$ using the product rule.

f(x)=Axekx\mathrm{f}(x) = Ax e^{kx}
f′(x)=A(ekx)+Ax(kekx)=Aekx+Akxekx\mathrm{f}'(x) = A(e^{kx}) + Ax(ke^{kx}) = Ae^{kx} + Akxe^{kx}

2. Substitute $\mathrm{f}(x)$ and $\mathrm{f}'(x)$ into the given equation.

f′(x)+2kekx+6f(x)=0\mathrm{f}'(x) + 2ke^{kx} + 6\mathrm{f}(x) = 0
(Aekx+Akxekx)+2kekx+6(Axekx)=0(Ae^{kx} + Akxe^{kx}) + 2ke^{kx} + 6(Axe^{kx}) = 0

3. Factorise and group terms by powers of $x$.

ekx(A+Akx+2k+6Ax)=0e^{kx}(A + Akx + 2k + 6Ax) = 0
Since ekx≠0e^{kx} \neq 0 for all xx, we have:
(A+2k)+x(Ak+6A)=0(A + 2k) + x(Ak + 6A) = 0

4. Compare coefficients to form simultaneous equations.

For the equation to hold for all xx, the coefficients must be zero:
A+2k=0  ⟹  A=−2kA + 2k = 0 \implies A = -2k --- (1)
Ak+6A=0  ⟹  A(k+6)=0Ak + 6A = 0 \implies A(k + 6) = 0 --- (2)

5. Solve the simultaneous equations for $A$ and $k$.

From (2), since A≠0A \neq 0 (for a non-trivial function), we have:
k+6=0  ⟹  k=−6k + 6 = 0 \implies k = -6
Substitute k=−6k = -6 into (1):
A=−2(−6)=12A = -2(-6) = 12

Answer

A=12A = 12, k=−6k = -6

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