The diagram shows part of the graph of y=asin⁡xb+cy = a \sin \frac{x}{b} + c. The graph has a maximum point at (6π,5)(6\pi, 5) and a minimum point at (2π,1)(2\pi, 1). Determine the values of the constants aa, bb and cc.

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Worked solution

4

1. Find the value of $c$ using the maximum and minimum values.

The value of cc is the vertical shift, which is the average of the maximum and minimum yy-values:
c=5+12=3c = \frac{5 + 1}{2} = 3

2. Find the period of the graph and use it to determine $b$.

The horizontal distance between a minimum and the consecutive maximum is half a period.
12 Period=6π−2π=4π\frac{1}{2} \text{ Period} = 6\pi - 2\pi = 4\pi
Period=8π\text{Period} = 8\pi
The period of y=asin⁡xb+cy = a \sin \frac{x}{b} + c is given by 2πb2\pi b (assuming b>0b > 0).
2πb=8π2\pi b = 8\pi
b=4b = 4

3. Find the value of $a$ using the amplitude and a point on the graph.

The amplitude is half the difference between the maximum and minimum yy-values:
∣a∣=5−12=2|a| = \frac{5 - 1}{2} = 2
Substitute the minimum point (2π,1)(2\pi, 1) into the equation y=asin⁡x4+3y = a \sin \frac{x}{4} + 3:
1=asin⁡(2π4)+31 = a \sin \left(\frac{2\pi}{4}\right) + 3
1=asin⁡(π2)+31 = a \sin \left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right) + 3
1=a(1)+31 = a(1) + 3
a=−2a = -2

Answer

a=−2a = -2, b=4b = 4, c=3c = 3

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