The diagram shows a trapezium with vertices , , and . The sides and are parallel and the angle is a right angle. Angle is equal to angle .

- (a)
Express the gradients of lines and in terms of and hence, or otherwise, show that .
- (b)
Show that the equation of line is .
Hence find the coordinates of the point .
- (c)
Find the area of the trapezium .
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Worked solution
10(a)
1. Express the gradient of line $AB$ in terms of $p$.
Gradient of
2. Express the gradient of line $CB$ in terms of $p$.
Gradient of
3. Use the angle property to relate the gradients and solve for $p$.
Since and both lie on the -axis, the line is the -axis.
Given , the lines and make equal angles with the vertical -axis.
Therefore, their gradients must be equal in magnitude but opposite in sign (reflections across the -axis).
Gradient of , Gradient of . Shown .
10(c)
1. Find the equation of line $DC$ and the coordinates of $D$ (from part b).
Gradient of .
Since is parallel to , the gradient of is .
Equation of passing through :
To find , solve the equations of and simultaneously:
So, is .
2. Apply the shoelace formula to find the area of trapezium $ABCD$.
Using the vertices in anti-clockwise order: , , , :
units
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