Show that the roots of the equation are real for all real values of and . Find the range of values of for which the line will never cut the curve .
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Worked solution
3(a)
1. Write down the expression for the discriminant of the quadratic equation.
For the equation , the discriminant is:
2. Expand and simplify the discriminant.
3. Factorise the discriminant into a perfect square and conclude.
Since for all real values of and , .
Therefore, the roots of the equation are always real.
Since for all real and , the discriminant is non-negative, hence the roots are always real.
3(b)
1. Substitute the equation of the line into the equation of the curve
Substitute into :
2. Expand and simplify to form a quadratic equation in $x$
3. Apply the discriminant condition for no intersection
For the line to never cut the curve, the quadratic equation must have no real roots, so discriminant :
4. Solve the quadratic inequality for $m$
or
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