Answer ALL the questions

  1. (a)

    The function ff is defined, for all values of xx, by f(x)=(2x−x2)exf(x) = (2x - x^2)e^x.
    Find the range of values of xx such that f(x)f(x) is a decreasing function.

  2. (b)

    The gradient function of the curve is 2(p+1)x+22(p + 1)x + 2, where pp is a constant.
    Given that the tangent to the curve at (2,−2)(2, -2) is parallel to y+2x−5=0y + 2x - 5 = 0, find the value of pp.

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Worked solution

1(a)

1. Differentiate $f(x)$ using the product rule.

f(x)=(2x−x2)exf(x) = (2x - x^2)e^x
Let u=2x−x2u = 2x - x^2 and v=exv = e^x.
dudx=2−2x\frac{du}{dx} = 2 - 2x
dvdx=ex\frac{dv}{dx} = e^x
f′(x)=udvdx+vdudxf'(x) = u\frac{dv}{dx} + v\frac{du}{dx}
f′(x)=(2x−x2)ex+ex(2−2x)f'(x) = (2x - x^2)e^x + e^x(2 - 2x)

2. Simplify the derivative.

f′(x)=ex(2x−x2+2−2x)f'(x) = e^x(2x - x^2 + 2 - 2x)
f′(x)=ex(2−x2)f'(x) = e^x(2 - x^2)

3. Set up and solve the inequality for a decreasing function.

For f(x)f(x) to be a decreasing function, f′(x)<0f'(x) < 0.
ex(2−x2)<0e^x(2 - x^2) < 0
Since ex>0e^x > 0 for all real xx, we must have:
2−x2<02 - x^2 < 0
x2>2x^2 > 2
x<−2x < -\sqrt{2} or x>2x > \sqrt{2}

Answer

x<−2x < -\sqrt{2} or x>2x > \sqrt{2}

1(b)

1. Find the gradient of the line parallel to the tangent

The line is y+2x−5=0y + 2x - 5 = 0, which can be rewritten as y=−2x+5y = -2x + 5.
The gradient of this line is −2-2.

2. Equate the gradient function at $x = 2$ to the gradient of the line

Since the tangent at (2,−2)(2, -2) is parallel to the line, its gradient is also −2-2.
Substitute x=2x = 2 into the gradient function:
2(p+1)(2)+2=−22(p + 1)(2) + 2 = -2

3. Solve for $p$

4(p+1)=−44(p + 1) = -4
p+1=−1p + 1 = -1
p=−2p = -2

Answer

p=−2p = -2

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