The probabilities of Andrew, Ben and Caleb passing the driving test are 35\frac{3}{5}, 23\frac{2}{3} and 34\frac{3}{4} respectively.

  1. (a)

    Find the probability that only Andrew passes the driving test.

    Ans: ___

  2. (b)

    Find the probability that at least one of them passes the driving test.

    Ans: ___

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Worked solution

12(a)

1. Find the probability that Andrew passes while Ben and Caleb fail

P(only Andrew passes)=35×(1−23)×(1−34)P(\text{only Andrew passes})=\dfrac{3}{5}\times\left(1-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\times\left(1-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)

=35×13×14=120=\dfrac{3}{5}\times\dfrac{1}{3}\times\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{20}

Answer

120\dfrac{1}{20}

12(b)

1. Find the probability that all three fail the driving test

Probability Andrew fails =1−35=25=1-\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{2}{5}.

Probability Ben fails =1−23=13=1-\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}.

Probability Caleb fails =1−34=14=1-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}.

So,
P(all fail)=25×13×14=130.P(\text{all fail})=\frac{2}{5}\times\frac{1}{3}\times\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{30}.

2. Use the complement to find the probability that at least one passes

P(at least one passes)=1−P(all fail)P(\text{at least one passes})=1-P(\text{all fail})
=1−130=2930.=1-\frac{1}{30}=\frac{29}{30}.

Answer

2930\dfrac{29}{30}

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