The function is defined by g(x)=x2−4x2+6g(x) = \frac{x^2 - 4}{x^2 + 6}, x>0x > 0.

  1. (i)

    Explain, with working, whether g(x)g(x) is an increasing or decreasing function.

  2. (ii)

    A point PP moves along the curve g(x)g(x), such that the yy-coordinate of PP is increasing at a rate of 0.04 unit per second. Find the rate of increase of the xx-coordinate of PP when x=2x = 2.

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Worked solution

7(i)

1. Differentiate $g(x)$ using the quotient rule

g′(x)=(x2+6)ddx(x2−4)−(x2−4)ddx(x2+6)(x2+6)2g'(x) = \frac{(x^2 + 6)\frac{d}{dx}(x^2 - 4) - (x^2 - 4)\frac{d}{dx}(x^2 + 6)}{(x^2 + 6)^2}
g′(x)=(x2+6)(2x)−(x2−4)(2x)(x2+6)2g'(x) = \frac{(x^2 + 6)(2x) - (x^2 - 4)(2x)}{(x^2 + 6)^2}

2. Simplify the derivative

g′(x)=2x3+12x−(2x3−8x)(x2+6)2g'(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 12x - (2x^3 - 8x)}{(x^2 + 6)^2}
g′(x)=20x(x2+6)2g'(x) = \frac{20x}{(x^2 + 6)^2}

3. Analyse the sign of the derivative for the given domain

For x>0x > 0, the numerator 20x>020x > 0.
The denominator (x2+6)2>0(x^2 + 6)^2 > 0 for all real xx.
Therefore, g′(x)=20x(x2+6)2>0g'(x) = \frac{20x}{(x^2 + 6)^2} > 0 for all x>0x > 0.

4. Conclude the nature of the function

Since g′(x)>0g'(x) > 0 for x>0x > 0, g(x)g(x) is an increasing function.

Answer

g(x)g(x) is an increasing function.

7(ii)

1. Find the derivative of $g(x)$ using the quotient rule (from part i)

g(x)=x2−4x2+6g(x) = \frac{x^2 - 4}{x^2 + 6}
g′(x)=(x2+6)(2x)−(x2−4)(2x)(x2+6)2g'(x) = \frac{(x^2 + 6)(2x) - (x^2 - 4)(2x)}{(x^2 + 6)^2}
g′(x)=2x3+12x−2x3+8x(x2+6)2=20x(x2+6)2g'(x) = \frac{2x^3 + 12x - 2x^3 + 8x}{(x^2 + 6)^2} = \frac{20x}{(x^2 + 6)^2}

2. Evaluate $g'(x)$ at $x = 2$

When x=2x = 2,
dydx=g′(2)=20(2)(22+6)2=40100=0.4\frac{dy}{dx} = g'(2) = \frac{20(2)}{(2^2 + 6)^2} = \frac{40}{100} = 0.4

3. Use the chain rule to find the rate of increase of the $x$-coordinate

dydt=dydx×dxdt\frac{dy}{dt} = \frac{dy}{dx} \times \frac{dx}{dt}
0.04=0.4×dxdt0.04 = 0.4 \times \frac{dx}{dt}
dxdt=0.040.4=0.1\frac{dx}{dt} = \frac{0.04}{0.4} = 0.1

Answer

0.10.1 unit/s

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