The equation of a curve is and the equation of a line is , where is a constant.
- (i)
Find the range of values of for which the line does not intersect the curve.
- (8)
- (i)
Show that .
- (ii)
Express in the form , where and .
- (iii)
Without evaluating , explain why cannot have a length of .
- (iv)
Find the value of for which .
- (i)
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Worked solution
5(i)
1. Substitute the linear equation into the quadratic equation
Substitute into :
2. Expand and simplify to form a quadratic equation in $x$
3. Apply the discriminant condition for no intersection
For the line not to intersect the curve, the quadratic equation must have no real roots, so .
4. Solve the inequality for $k$
5. Find the range of values for $k$
or
5(8)(ii)
1. Set up the R-formula equation
Let .
Comparing coefficients:
2. Find the value of R
3. Find the value of alpha
(to 1 d.p.)
4. State the final expression
5(8)(iii)
1. Calculate the value of $R$ from part (ii) to determine the maximum possible value of the expression.
From part (ii), .
The expression is .
The maximum value of is , so the maximum value of is .
2. Compare the maximum value to $70\text{ cm}$ to conclude.
Since the maximum possible length is , and , the length cannot be .
The maximum possible length is , which is less than .
5(8)(iv)
1. Express the equation using the $R \sin(\theta + \alpha)$ form from part (ii)
From part (ii), .
So,
2. Solve the trigonometric equation for $\theta$
(to 1 d.p.)
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