The equation of a curve is x2+4y2=20x^2 + 4y^2 = 20 and the equation of a line is y=k−xy = k - x, where kk is a constant.

  1. (i)

    Find the range of values of kk for which the line does not intersect the curve.

  2. (8)
    1. (i)

      Show that AC+BC+DE=(60sin⁡θ+25cos⁡θ) cmAC + BC + DE = (60 \sin \theta + 25 \cos \theta)\text{ cm}.

    2. (ii)

      Express AC+BC+DEAC + BC + DE in the form Rsin⁡(θ+α)R \sin(\theta + \alpha), where R>0R > 0 and 0∘<α<90∘0^\circ < \alpha < 90^\circ.

    3. (iii)

      Without evaluating θ\theta, explain why AC+BC+DEAC + BC + DE cannot have a length of 70 cm70\text{ cm}.

    4. (iv)

      Find the value of θ\theta for which AC+BC+DE=50 cmAC + BC + DE = 50\text{ cm}.

Work through it with AI →

It won't just hand you the answer — it asks where you're stuck.How the checker works

Worked solution

5(i)

1. Substitute the linear equation into the quadratic equation

Substitute y=k−xy = k - x into x2+4y2=20x^2 + 4y^2 = 20:
x2+4(k−x)2=20x^2 + 4(k - x)^2 = 20

2. Expand and simplify to form a quadratic equation in $x$

x2+4(k2−2kx+x2)=20x^2 + 4(k^2 - 2kx + x^2) = 20
x2+4k2−8kx+4x2=20x^2 + 4k^2 - 8kx + 4x^2 = 20
5x2−8kx+(4k2−20)=05x^2 - 8kx + (4k^2 - 20) = 0

3. Apply the discriminant condition for no intersection

For the line not to intersect the curve, the quadratic equation must have no real roots, so b2−4ac<0b^2 - 4ac < 0.
(−8k)2−4(5)(4k2−20)<0(-8k)^2 - 4(5)(4k^2 - 20) < 0

4. Solve the inequality for $k$

64k2−20(4k2−20)<064k^2 - 20(4k^2 - 20) < 0
64k2−80k2+400<064k^2 - 80k^2 + 400 < 0
−16k2+400<0-16k^2 + 400 < 0
16k2>40016k^2 > 400
k2>25k^2 > 25

5. Find the range of values for $k$

k<−5 or k>5k < -5 \text{ or } k > 5

Answer

k<−5k < -5 or k>5k > 5

5(8)(ii)

1. Set up the R-formula equation

Let 60sin⁡θ+25cos⁡θ=Rsin⁡(θ+α)=R(sin⁡θcos⁡α+cos⁡θsin⁡α)60 \sin \theta + 25 \cos \theta = R \sin(\theta + \alpha) = R(\sin \theta \cos \alpha + \cos \theta \sin \alpha).
Comparing coefficients:
Rcos⁡α=60R \cos \alpha = 60
Rsin⁡α=25R \sin \alpha = 25

2. Find the value of R

R=602+252=3600+625=4225=65R = \sqrt{60^2 + 25^2} = \sqrt{3600 + 625} = \sqrt{4225} = 65

3. Find the value of alpha

tan⁡α=2560=512\tan \alpha = \frac{25}{60} = \frac{5}{12}
α=tan⁡−1(512)≈22.619∘≈22.6∘\alpha = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{5}{12}\right) \approx 22.619^\circ \approx 22.6^\circ (to 1 d.p.)

4. State the final expression

AC+BC+DE=65sin⁡(θ+22.6∘)AC + BC + DE = 65 \sin(\theta + 22.6^\circ)

Answer

65sin⁡(θ+22.6∘)65 \sin(\theta + 22.6^\circ)

5(8)(iii)

1. Calculate the value of $R$ from part (ii) to determine the maximum possible value of the expression.

From part (ii), R=602+252=3600+625=4225=65R = \sqrt{60^2 + 25^2} = \sqrt{3600 + 625} = \sqrt{4225} = 65.
The expression is 65sin⁡(θ+α)65 \sin(\theta + \alpha).
The maximum value of sin⁡(θ+α)\sin(\theta + \alpha) is 11, so the maximum value of AC+BC+DEAC + BC + DE is 6565.

2. Compare the maximum value to $70\text{ cm}$ to conclude.

Since the maximum possible length is 65 cm65\text{ cm}, and 65<7065 < 70, the length cannot be 70 cm70\text{ cm}.

Answer

The maximum possible length is 65 cm65\text{ cm}, which is less than 70 cm70\text{ cm}.

5(8)(iv)

1. Express the equation using the $R \sin(\theta + \alpha)$ form from part (ii)

From part (ii), 60sin⁡θ+25cos⁡θ=Rsin⁡(θ+α)60 \sin \theta + 25 \cos \theta = R \sin(\theta + \alpha).
R=602+252=65R = \sqrt{60^2 + 25^2} = 65
tan⁡α=2560  ⟹  α=22.6199∘\tan \alpha = \frac{25}{60} \implies \alpha = 22.6199^\circ
So, 65sin⁡(θ+22.6199∘)=5065 \sin(\theta + 22.6199^\circ) = 50

2. Solve the trigonometric equation for $\theta$

sin⁡(θ+22.6199∘)=5065=1013\sin(\theta + 22.6199^\circ) = \frac{50}{65} = \frac{10}{13}
θ+22.6199∘=sin⁡−1(1013)≈50.2849∘\theta + 22.6199^\circ = \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{10}{13}\right) \approx 50.2849^\circ
θ=50.2849∘−22.6199∘=27.665∘≈27.7∘\theta = 50.2849^\circ - 22.6199^\circ = 27.665^\circ \approx 27.7^\circ (to 1 d.p.)

Answer

27.7∘27.7^\circ

AI analysis — may contain mistakes.

Worked this one out on paper? Snap your steps and Gigle's AI math checker will circle the step where it went wrong.

More questions on this topic

  1. 1The curve CC has equation y=x2+x+3x−2y = \frac{x^2 + x + 3}{x - 2}. Without using a calculator, find the set of values that yy…
  2. 2The equation of a curve is y=ax2−3x+4−ay = ax^2 - 3x + 4 - a, where aa is a constant. In the case where a=−2a = -2, find the set of…
  3. 3A curve has the equation y=2x−33x+4y = \frac{2x - 3}{3x + 4}, where x≠−43x \ne -\frac{4}{3}. The normal to the point PP on the cur…
  4. 4The radius of a circle increases at a rate of 3 cm s^{-1}. Find, in terms of π\pi, the rate of increase of the area whe…
  5. 5A particle starts from rest from a point OO and moves in a straight line such that its velocity vv m/s, is given by v=24t−6t2v = 24t - 6t^2…