The diagram (not drawn to scale) shows the speed-time graph of a vehicle. The vehicle starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed of 20 m/s in 15 seconds. It then travels at this speed before it decelerates at 1 m/s^2 until it comes to rest.

  1. (a)

    Find the speed of the vehicle at the 10th second.

  2. (b)

    The total distance is 950 m and it took the vehicle P seconds. Find the value of P.

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Worked solution

17(a)

1. Find the uniform acceleration during the first 15 seconds.

Acceleration =change in speedtime=\dfrac{\text{change in speed}}{\text{time}}

a=20−015=43 m/s2a=\dfrac{20-0}{15}=\dfrac{4}{3}\text{ m/s}^2

2. Find the speed after 10 seconds using the constant acceleration.

At t=10t=10 s,

v=0+43×10=403=13.333…v=0+\dfrac{4}{3}\times 10=\dfrac{40}{3}=13.333\ldots

Answer

13.3 m/s13.3\text{ m/s}

17(b)

1. Find the time taken to decelerate from $20\text{ m/s}$ to rest.

Deceleration =1 m/s2=1\text{ m/s}^2.

Time to decelerate
=201=20 s.=\frac{20}{1}=20\text{ s}.

2. Express the total distance as the area under the speed-time graph.

Let the vehicle travel at 20 m/s20\text{ m/s} from t=15t=15 to t=P−20t=P-20.

Total distance:
12(15)(20)+20[(P−20)−15]+12(20)(20)=950.\frac12(15)(20)+20[(P-20)-15]+\frac12(20)(20)=950.

3. Solve the equation for $P$.

150+20(P−35)+200=950150+20(P-35)+200=950
20(P−35)=60020(P-35)=600
P−35=30P-35=30
P=65.P=65.

Answer

P=62.5 sP=62.5\text{ s}

AI analysis — may contain mistakes.

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