下图由五条直线AC、AD、BD、BE和CE组成。求∠p\angle p、∠q\angle q、∠r\angle r和∠s\angle s的和。 答:___ ∘^\circ

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完整解法

24

1. Identify the exterior angle of the triangle containing angles p and q

Let the intersection of ADAD and BEBE be FF. In △BDF\triangle BDF, the exterior angle at FF is ∠AFE=∠p+∠q\angle AFE = \angle p + \angle q.

2. Identify the exterior angle of the triangle containing angles r and s

Let the intersection of ACAC and CECE be GG. In △CEG\triangle CEG, the exterior angle at GG is ∠AGC=∠r+∠s\angle AGC = \angle r + \angle s.

3. Use the sum of angles in a quadrilateral to find the sum of p, q, r, and s

Consider the quadrilateral formed by the intersections of AC,AD,BE,CEAC, AD, BE, CE. Let the intersection of ACAC and BEBE be HH, and the intersection of ADAD and CECE be II. The interior angles of quadrilateral FGHIFGHI are ∠F=∠p+∠q\angle F = \angle p + \angle q, ∠G=∠r+∠s\angle G = \angle r + \angle s, ∠H=60∘\angle H = 60^\circ (vertically opposite), and ∠I=140∘\angle I = 140^\circ (vertically opposite). The sum of interior angles of a quadrilateral is 360∘360^\circ.
(∠p+∠q)+(∠r+∠s)+60∘+140∘=360∘(\angle p + \angle q) + (\angle r + \angle s) + 60^\circ + 140^\circ = 360^\circ
∠p+∠q+∠r+∠s=360∘−200∘=160∘\angle p + \angle q + \angle r + \angle s = 360^\circ - 200^\circ = 160^\circ

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