如图所示,圆 ABCDABCD 及切线 STST 与圆相切于点 CC。
点 BB 在 ATAT 上,满足 AB=BTAB = BT。点 CC 在直线 STST 上,满足 SC=CTSC = CT。

  1. (i)

    证明 ΔABC\Delta ABC 相似于 ΔSDC\Delta SDC。

  2. (ii)

    由此,证明 AC×CD=12AS×SCAC \times CD = \frac{1}{2} AS \times SC。

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完整解法

12(i)

1. Show that $BC$ is parallel to $AS$.

In ΔAST\Delta AST, we are given that AB=BTAB = BT and SC=CTSC = CT.
By the Midpoint Theorem, the line segment connecting the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side.
Therefore, BC∥ASBC \parallel AS.

2. Prove that $\angle BCA = \angle SCD$.

Since BC∥ASBC \parallel AS and A,D,SA, D, S are collinear, BC∥ADBC \parallel AD.
∠BCA=∠CAD\angle BCA = \angle CAD (Alternate angles, BC∥ADBC \parallel AD)
STST is a tangent to the circle at CC.
By the Alternate Segment Theorem, the angle between the tangent STST and chord CDCD is equal to the angle in the alternate segment:
∠SCD=∠CAD\angle SCD = \angle CAD
Therefore, ∠BCA=∠SCD\angle BCA = \angle SCD.

3. Prove that $\angle ABC = \angle SDC$.

ABCDABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral.
∠ABC+∠ADC=180∘\angle ABC + \angle ADC = 180^\circ (Angles in opposite segments are supplementary)
Since A,D,SA, D, S are collinear, ∠SDC+∠ADC=180∘\angle SDC + \angle ADC = 180^\circ (Angles on a straight line)
Therefore, ∠ABC=∠SDC\angle ABC = \angle SDC.
(Alternatively, the exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the interior opposite angle).

4. Conclude that the triangles are similar.

In ΔABC\Delta ABC and ΔSDC\Delta SDC:

  1. ∠BCA=∠SCD\angle BCA = \angle SCD
  2. ∠ABC=∠SDC\angle ABC = \angle SDC
    Since two pairs of corresponding angles are equal, the third pair must also be equal.
    By AA (Angle-Angle) similarity, ΔABC\Delta ABC is similar to ΔSDC\Delta SDC.
答案

Shown that ΔABC\Delta ABC is similar to ΔSDC\Delta SDC by AA similarity.

12(ii)

1. Use the similarity of $\Delta ABC$ and $\Delta SDC$ from part (i) to establish a ratio of corresponding sides.

Since ΔABC\Delta ABC is similar to ΔSDC\Delta SDC, the ratio of their corresponding sides is equal:
ACSC=BCDC\frac{AC}{SC} = \frac{BC}{DC}
Cross-multiplying gives:
AC×DC=BC×SCAC \times DC = BC \times SC

2. Apply the Midpoint Theorem to $\Delta AST$ to relate $BC$ and $AS$.

In ΔAST\Delta AST, we are given that AB=BTAB = BT and SC=CTSC = CT. This means BB and CC are the midpoints of ATAT and STST respectively.
By the Midpoint Theorem,
BC=12ASBC = \frac{1}{2} AS

3. Substitute the expression for $BC$ into the equation from step 1 to complete the proof.

Substituting BC=12ASBC = \frac{1}{2} AS into AC×DC=BC×SCAC \times DC = BC \times SC:
AC×CD=(12AS)×SCAC \times CD = \left(\frac{1}{2} AS\right) \times SC
AC×CD=12AS×SC (shown)AC \times CD = \frac{1}{2} AS \times SC \text{ (shown)}

答案

AC×CD=12AS×SCAC \times CD = \frac{1}{2} AS \times SC (shown)

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