如图所示,圆 及切线 与圆相切于点 。
点 在 上,满足 。点 在直线 上,满足 。

- (i)
证明 相似于 。
- (ii)
由此,证明 。
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完整解法
12(i)
1. Show that $BC$ is parallel to $AS$.
In , we are given that and .
By the Midpoint Theorem, the line segment connecting the midpoints of two sides of a triangle is parallel to the third side.
Therefore, .
2. Prove that $\angle BCA = \angle SCD$.
Since and are collinear, .
(Alternate angles, )
is a tangent to the circle at .
By the Alternate Segment Theorem, the angle between the tangent and chord is equal to the angle in the alternate segment:
Therefore, .
3. Prove that $\angle ABC = \angle SDC$.
is a cyclic quadrilateral.
(Angles in opposite segments are supplementary)
Since are collinear, (Angles on a straight line)
Therefore, .
(Alternatively, the exterior angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is equal to the interior opposite angle).
4. Conclude that the triangles are similar.
In and :
Since two pairs of corresponding angles are equal, the third pair must also be equal.
By AA (Angle-Angle) similarity, is similar to .
Shown that is similar to by AA similarity.
12(ii)
1. Use the similarity of $\Delta ABC$ and $\Delta SDC$ from part (i) to establish a ratio of corresponding sides.
Since is similar to , the ratio of their corresponding sides is equal:
Cross-multiplying gives:
2. Apply the Midpoint Theorem to $\Delta AST$ to relate $BC$ and $AS$.
In , we are given that and . This means and are the midpoints of and respectively.
By the Midpoint Theorem,
3. Substitute the expression for $BC$ into the equation from step 1 to complete the proof.
Substituting into :
(shown)
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