通过将 写成 ,求 。 求 。
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完整解法
4(a)
1. Use the given hint and the identity $\sin^2 x = 1 - \cos^2 x$ to rewrite the integrand.
2. Apply the substitution $u = \cos x$ to evaluate the integral.
Let . Then , which gives .
3. Substitute back $u = \cos x$ to express the final answer in terms of $x$.
4(b)
1. Split the numerator to express it in terms of the derivative of the quadratic expression in the denominator.
Let . Then .
We rewrite the numerator as to split the integral:
2. Evaluate the first integral using the exact derivative.
Using the reverse chain rule for :
3. Complete the square for the quadratic expression to prepare the second integral.
Factorising the coefficient of and completing the square:
4. Evaluate the second integral using the standard inverse sine formula and state the final answer.
Using the standard formula :
Combining the results and adding the constant of integration :
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