The diagram shows a triangle PQR with vertices P(9,10) and Q(1,-2). The point R lies on the perpendicular bisector of PQ and the equation of the line QR is y=8x−10y = 8x - 10.

  1. (a)

    Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of PQ.

  2. (b)

    Find the coordinates of R.

  3. (c)

    Find the area of triangle PQR.

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Worked solution

12(a)

1. Find the coordinates of the midpoint of PQ

Midpoint of PQ=(9+12,10+(−2)2)=(5,4)PQ = \left(\frac{9+1}{2}, \frac{10+(-2)}{2}\right) = (5, 4)

2. Find the gradient of the line segment PQ

Gradient of PQ=10−(−2)9−1=128=32PQ = \frac{10 - (-2)}{9 - 1} = \frac{12}{8} = \frac{3}{2}

3. Determine the gradient of the perpendicular bisector

Gradient of perpendicular bisector =−132=−23= -\frac{1}{\frac{3}{2}} = -\frac{2}{3}

4. Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector

y−4=−23(x−5)y - 4 = -\frac{2}{3}(x - 5)
3(y−4)=−2(x−5)3(y - 4) = -2(x - 5)
3y−12=−2x+103y - 12 = -2x + 10
2x+3y=222x + 3y = 22

Answer

2x+3y=222x + 3y = 22

12(b)

1. Find the equation of the perpendicular bisector of $PQ$ (from part (a))

Midpoint of PQ=(9+12,10+(−2)2)=(5,4)PQ = \left(\frac{9+1}{2}, \frac{10+(-2)}{2}\right) = (5, 4)
Gradient of PQ=−2−101−9=−12−8=32PQ = \frac{-2-10}{1-9} = \frac{-12}{-8} = \frac{3}{2}
Gradient of perpendicular bisector = −23-\frac{2}{3}
Equation of perpendicular bisector: y−4=−23(x−5)  ⟹  2x+3y=22y - 4 = -\frac{2}{3}(x - 5) \implies 2x + 3y = 22

2. Solve simultaneously to find the coordinates of $R$

Substitute y=8x−10y = 8x - 10 into 2x+3y=222x + 3y = 22:
2x+3(8x−10)=222x + 3(8x - 10) = 22
2x+24x−30=222x + 24x - 30 = 22
26x=52  ⟹  x=226x = 52 \implies x = 2
Substitute x=2x = 2 into y=8x−10y = 8x - 10:
y=8(2)−10=6y = 8(2) - 10 = 6
Coordinates of RR are (2,6)(2, 6).

Answer

(2,6)(2, 6)

12(c)

1. Recall the coordinates of P, Q, and R from earlier parts

From the question and previous parts, the vertices are P(9,10)P(9, 10), Q(1,−2)Q(1, -2), and R(2,6)R(2, 6).

2. Apply the shoelace formula to find the area of the triangle

Area=12∣912910−2610∣\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} \left| \begin{matrix} 9 & 1 & 2 & 9 \\ 10 & -2 & 6 & 10 \end{matrix} \right|

3. Evaluate the determinant to find the final area

Area=12∣(9(−2)+1(6)+2(10))−(10(1)+(−2)(2)+6(9))∣\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} |(9(-2) + 1(6) + 2(10)) - (10(1) + (-2)(2) + 6(9))|
=12∣(−18+6+20)−(10−4+54)∣= \frac{1}{2} |(-18 + 6 + 20) - (10 - 4 + 54)|
=12∣8−60∣= \frac{1}{2} |8 - 60|
=12∣−52∣=26= \frac{1}{2} |-52| = 26

Answer

2626 units2^2

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