In the diagram, TE and TC are tangents to the circle at A and B respectively. BD is parallel to TE.

  1. (a)

    Prove that AB = AD.

  2. (b)

    Prove that (AB)2=TA×BD.(AB)^2 = TA \times BD.

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Worked solution

7(a)

1. Identify equal angles using the alternate segment theorem

Let ∠TAB=x\angle TAB = x.
By the alternate segment theorem, ∠ADB=∠TAB=x\angle ADB = \angle TAB = x.

2. Identify equal angles using parallel lines

Since TE∥BDTE \parallel BD, alternate angles are equal.
Therefore, ∠ABD=∠TAB=x\angle ABD = \angle TAB = x.

3. Conclude that the triangle is isosceles

In △ABD\triangle ABD, ∠ADB=∠ABD=x\angle ADB = \angle ABD = x.
Since the base angles are equal, △ABD\triangle ABD is an isosceles triangle.
Therefore, AB=ADAB = AD.

Answer

Shown that AB=ADAB = AD.

7(b)

1. Relate the angle between the tangent and chord to an angle in the alternate segment.

Let ∠TAB=x\angle TAB = x.
By the alternate segment theorem, the angle between the tangent TATA and chord ABAB is equal to the angle in the alternate segment:
∠ADB=∠TAB=x\angle ADB = \angle TAB = x.

2. Use parallel lines to find another equal angle.

Since BDBD is parallel to TETE (which is the line TATA), by alternate angles:
∠ABD=∠TAB=x\angle ABD = \angle TAB = x.

3. Use tangent properties to find base angles of the isosceles triangle formed by the tangents.

Tangents from an external point TT are equal in length, so TA=TBTA = TB.
Therefore, △TAB\triangle TAB is an isosceles triangle, and its base angles are equal:
∠TBA=∠TAB=x\angle TBA = \angle TAB = x.

4. Prove that triangle TAB is similar to triangle ABD and deduce the required relationship.

In △TAB\triangle TAB and △ABD\triangle ABD:

  1. ∠TAB=∠ABD=x\angle TAB = \angle ABD = x
  2. ∠TBA=∠ADB=x\angle TBA = \angle ADB = x
    By AA similarity, △TAB\triangle TAB is similar to △ABD\triangle ABD.

Using the ratio of corresponding sides:
TAAB=ABBD\frac{TA}{AB} = \frac{AB}{BD}
Cross-multiplying gives:
(AB)2=TA×BD(AB)^2 = TA \times BD

Answer

Shown\text{Shown}

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