∫012x1+x2dx=?\int_{0}^{1} \frac{2x}{1+x^2} dx = ?
A) 11
B) ln⁡2\ln 2
C) 22
D) ln⁡4\ln 4

Worked solution

1. 识别被积函数的形式并求出不定积分

观察被积函数 2x1+x2\frac{2x}{1+x^2},由于分母的导数为 (1+x2)′=2x(1+x^2)' = 2x,分子恰好为分母的导数。
根据公式 ∫f′(x)f(x) dx=ln⁡∣f(x)∣+C\int \frac{f'(x)}{f(x)} \,\mathrm{d}x = \ln|f(x)| + C,可得:
∫2x1+x2 dx=ln⁡(1+x2)+C\int \frac{2x}{1+x^2} \,\mathrm{d}x = \ln(1+x^2) + C

2. 代入积分上下限计算定积分的值

代入积分上限 11 和下限 00:
∫012x1+x2 dx=[ln⁡(1+x2)]01=ln⁡(1+12)−ln⁡(1+02)=ln⁡2−ln⁡1\int_{0}^{1} \frac{2x}{1+x^2} \,\mathrm{d}x = \left[ \ln(1+x^2) \right]_{0}^{1} = \ln(1+1^2) - \ln(1+0^2) = \ln 2 - \ln 1
因为 ln⁡1=0\ln 1 = 0,所以:
ln⁡2−0=ln⁡2\ln 2 - 0 = \ln 2
对应选项 B。

Answer

B

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