A particle moving along a path at time , where , is defined parametrically by
- (a)
The tangent to the path at the point meets the -axis at the point . Show that the coordinates of is .
- (b)
The distance of the particle from the point is denoted by , where . Find the exact rate of change of the particle's distance from at time .
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Worked solution
5(a)
1. Find the parametric derivatives $\frac{dx}{dt}$ and $\frac{dy}{dt}$.
2. Find the gradient of the tangent at point $P$.
At where , the gradient is .
3. Form the equation of the tangent at $P$ and substitute $x = 0$ to find the $y$-intercept.
The equation of the tangent at is:
Since lies on the -axis, substitute :
4. Simplify the $y$-coordinate using trigonometric identities to obtain the coordinates of $Q$.
Expressing in terms of sine and cosine:
Thus, the coordinates of are (shown).
(0, 2\sin 3p + 1)
5(b)
1. Express $s^2$ in terms of $t$ by substituting the parametric equations.
Substituting and :
2. Differentiate implicitly with respect to $t$.
Differentiating both sides with respect to :
3. Evaluate $s$ and $\frac{ds}{dt}$ at $t = \frac{\pi}{4}$.
At , .
We have and .
Substitute , , and into the differentiated equation:
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