The diagram above shows the curve with equation , where .

- (i)
Show that the exact coordinates of the turning point on are .
- (ii)
The curve has equation , where . Sketch and on the same diagram, stating the exact coordinates of any points of intersection with the axes.
- (iii)
Write down an integral that gives the area of the smaller region bounded by the two curves, and , and the -axis. Evaluate this integral numerically.
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Worked solution
11(i)
1. Find the first derivative of $y$ with respect to $x$ using the quotient rule.
Using the quotient rule:
2. Equate the derivative to zero to find the $x$-coordinate of the turning point.
At a turning point, :
Since , , so the numerator must be zero:
3. Substitute the $x$-coordinate back into the original equation to obtain the corresponding $y$-coordinate.
Substitute into the original equation for :
Thus, the exact coordinates of the turning point are (shown).
\left(\sqrt{\text{e}}, \frac{1}{2\text{e}}\right)
11(ii)
1. Find the point(s) of intersection of $C_1$ with the coordinate axes.
For : , defined for .
Let :
The -intercept for is .
Since the domain is , cannot be , so there are no -intercepts.
2. Find the point(s) of intersection of $C_2$ with the coordinate axes.
For : , where .
Let :
The -intercepts for are and .
Let :
Since , there are no real solutions for , so does not intersect the -axis.
3. Identify the shapes to accurately sketch both curves.
starts at , climbs to its turning point found in part (i), and asymptotically approaches the -axis.
can be rewritten as:
This represents the upper half () of an ellipse centered at , with a horizontal semi-axis of and a vertical semi-axis of . Its peak is at .
Note that , so starts to the left of .
Also, , so the peak of is much higher than the peak of .
Intersections with axes:
- :
- : and
(Self-drawn sketch should feature:)
- starting at , rising to a peak at , and approaching as an asymptote.
- as an upper semi-ellipse starting from to , with a local maximum at . It forms an arch over the turning point of .
11(iii)
1. Find the point of intersection between $C_1$ and $C_2$ using a graphing calculator.
From part (ii), intersects the -axis at , and intersects the -axis at .
Let and (since ).
Using a graphing calculator to solve :
2. Set up the integral for the smaller region bounded by $C_1$, $C_2$, and the $x$-axis.
From the sketch in (ii), the curves enclose two bounded regions with the -axis. The smaller region lies on the right, between and .
It is bounded above by for and by for .
3. Evaluate the integral numerically using a graphing calculator.
Evaluating the integrals using the GC:
Area
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