Do not use a graphic calculator in answering this question. It is given that for .
- ((i))
Explain why
- ((ii))
By making the substitution , show that
- ((iii))
Hence show that
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Worked solution
6((i))
1. Establish the inequality for the integrands.
Given that for , multiplying by reverses the inequality sign:
Since is a strictly increasing function for all real , applying the exponential function to both sides maintains the inequality:
2. Integrate both sides to conclude the proof.
Since for all in the interval , the area under the curve is strictly less than the area under over this interval.
Integrating both sides with respect to from to gives:
As shown in the working.
6((ii))
1. Find the differential $dx$ in terms of $du$ and determine the new limits of integration.
Let .
Then .
When , .
When , .
2. Substitute into the integral, apply trigonometric identities, and simplify.
Since , this becomes:
Reversing the limits of integration removes the negative sign:
(shown)
Shown.
6((iii))
1. Split the integral from $0$ to $\pi$ and apply the result from part (ii).
From (ii), we know that .
2. Apply the inequality from part (i).
From (i), .
3. Evaluate the definite integral of the exponential function.
4. Substitute the evaluated integral back to complete the proof.
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