In the diagram below, TAXTAX and TCYTCY are tangents to the circle at AA and CC respectively. ACAC meets TDTD at EE and DD is on BCBC such that TDTD is parallel to ABAB.

  1. (a)

    Prove that angle ACBACB is equal to angle ATDATD.

  2. (b)

    Explain why a circle can be drawn passing through the points TT, AA, DD and CC.

  3. (c)

    Hence, prove that CE×EA=DE×TECE \times EA = DE \times TE.

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Worked solution

13(a)

1. Relate angle ACB to the angle between the tangent and the chord.

∠TAB=∠ACB\angle TAB = \angle ACB (Alternate segment theorem)

2. Relate angle TAB to angle ATD using parallel lines to complete the proof.

∠ATD=∠TAB\angle ATD = \angle TAB (Alternate angles, TD∥ABTD \parallel AB)

Therefore, ∠ACB=∠ATD\angle ACB = \angle ATD (Shown)

Answer

Proof completed using alternate segment theorem and alternate angles.

13(b)

1. Relate the angle from part (a) to the points in question

From (a), ∠ATD=∠ACB\angle ATD = \angle ACB.
Since BB, DD, and CC are collinear, ∠ACB\angle ACB is the same angle as ∠ACD\angle ACD.
Therefore, ∠ATD=∠ACD\angle ATD = \angle ACD.

2. Conclude that the points are concyclic

Since the angles subtended by the line segment ADAD at points TT and CC are equal (∠ATD=∠ACD\angle ATD = \angle ACD), the points TT, AA, DD, and CC lie on the same circle (converse of angles in the same segment).

Answer

Since ∠ATD=∠ACD\angle ATD = \angle ACD, the points TT, AA, DD, and CC are concyclic by the converse of angles in the same segment.

13(c)

1. Identify equal angles to prove triangles are similar

Consider △TEC\triangle TEC and △AED\triangle AED.
∠TEC=∠AED\angle TEC = \angle AED (vertically opposite angles)
Since T,A,D,CT, A, D, C are concyclic (from part b), ∠TCE=∠ADE\angle TCE = \angle ADE (angles in the same segment subtended by arc ATAT).

2. Conclude similarity and establish the ratio of corresponding sides

Therefore, △TEC\triangle TEC is similar to △AED\triangle AED.
By the ratio of corresponding sides,
CEDE=TEEA\frac{CE}{DE} = \frac{TE}{EA}

3. Rearrange the ratio to obtain the required product

Cross-multiplying gives:
CE×EA=DE×TE (Shown)CE \times EA = DE \times TE \text{ (Shown)}

Answer

CE×EA=DE×TECE \times EA = DE \times TE (Shown)

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