In the diagram (not to scale), points BB, QQ, RR and SS all lie on the circumference of the circle. ABCABC is a tangent to the circle at point BB. The chords BRBR and QSQS intersect at point PP.

  1. (i)

    Given that QSQS is the angle bisector of angle BSRBSR, show that BQ×PS=RP×BSBQ \times PS = RP \times BS.

  2. (ii)

    It is further given that BS=SRBS = SR, show that BSBS bisects angle ABRABR.

  3. (iii)

    Show that SQSQ is the diameter of the circle.

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Worked solution

9(ii)

1. Use the given isosceles triangle property to relate angles.

Since BS=SRBS = SR, △BSR\triangle BSR is an isosceles triangle.
Therefore, ∠SBR=∠SRB\angle SBR = \angle SRB.

2. Apply the alternate segment theorem to relate an angle in the alternate segment to the angle between the tangent and chord.

By the alternate segment theorem, the angle between the tangent ABCABC and the chord BSBS is equal to the angle in the alternate segment.
Thus, ∠ABS=∠SRB\angle ABS = \angle SRB.

3. Conclude that BS bisects angle ABR.

Since ∠SBR=∠SRB\angle SBR = \angle SRB and ∠ABS=∠SRB\angle ABS = \angle SRB, it follows that ∠ABS=∠SBR\angle ABS = \angle SBR.
Therefore, BSBS bisects ∠ABR\angle ABR.

Answer

Shown.

9(iii)

1. Express the angles of $\triangle BSR$ in terms of $\angle BSQ$.

Let ∠BSQ=x\angle BSQ = x.
Since QSQS bisects ∠BSR\angle BSR, ∠BSR=2x\angle BSR = 2x.
In △BSR\triangle BSR, BS=SRBS = SR (given), so it is an isosceles triangle.
∠SRB=∠SBR=180∘−2x2=90∘−x\angle SRB = \angle SBR = \frac{180^\circ - 2x}{2} = 90^\circ - x.

2. Find $\angle SQB$ using angles in the same segment.

Angles subtended by the same arc SBSB at the circumference are equal:
∠SQB=∠SRB=90∘−x\angle SQB = \angle SRB = 90^\circ - x.

3. Calculate $\angle SBQ$ and conclude that $SQ$ is the diameter.

In △BSQ\triangle BSQ, the sum of angles is 180∘180^\circ.
∠SBQ=180∘−∠BSQ−∠SQB\angle SBQ = 180^\circ - \angle BSQ - \angle SQB
∠SBQ=180∘−x−(90∘−x)=90∘\angle SBQ = 180^\circ - x - (90^\circ - x) = 90^\circ.
Since ∠SBQ=90∘\angle SBQ = 90^\circ, the chord SQSQ subtends a right angle at the circumference.
Therefore, SQSQ is the diameter of the circle (converse of angle in a semicircle).

Answer

Shown that ∠SBQ=90∘\angle SBQ = 90^\circ, hence SQSQ is the diameter.

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