Solve the equation (ln⁡x)2+2log⁡xe=3(\ln x)^2 + \frac{2}{\log_x e} = 3. Mrs Tan decides to track the relationship between the age, xx (in months) of her newborn baby girl and the circumference of her baby girl's head, yy (in centimetres).
After plotting the data collected for 1st1^{\text{st}}, 6th6^{\text{th}}, 12th12^{\text{th}}, 18th18^{\text{th}} and 20th20^{\text{th}} month, the following graph was obtained.

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Worked solution

13(a)

1. Apply the change of base formula to express $\log_x e$ in terms of natural logarithms.

log⁡xe=ln⁡eln⁡x=1ln⁡x\log_x e = \frac{\ln e}{\ln x} = \frac{1}{\ln x}

2. Substitute the expression back into the equation to form a quadratic equation in $\ln x$.

(ln⁡x)2+21ln⁡x=3(\ln x)^2 + \frac{2}{\frac{1}{\ln x}} = 3
(ln⁡x)2+2ln⁡x−3=0(\ln x)^2 + 2\ln x - 3 = 0

3. Solve the quadratic equation for $\ln x$.

Let u=ln⁡xu = \ln x.
u2+2u−3=0u^2 + 2u - 3 = 0
(u−1)(u+3)=0(u - 1)(u + 3) = 0
u=1u = 1 or u=−3u = -3
ln⁡x=1\ln x = 1 or ln⁡x=−3\ln x = -3

4. Solve for $x$.

x=e1=ex = e^1 = e or x=e−3x = e^{-3}

Answer

x=ex = e or x=e−3x = e^{-3}

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