The function is given by
- (i)
Sketch the graph of , stating the equation of any asymptotes and the coordinates of any points where the curve crosses the - and -axes.
- (ii)
Explain why has an inverse. Hence find , giving your answer in a similar form.
- (iii)
Let , , .
Determine whether exists.
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Worked solution
4(i)
1. Analyse the linear part of the function for $x < 2$ to find any intercepts.
For , , which is a straight line with gradient .
When , . The -intercept is .
To find the -intercept, set . However, , so this point is outside the domain . Thus, this part of the graph does not cross the -axis.
At the domain boundary , approaches .
2. Analyse the rational part of the function for $x \ge 2$ to find asymptotes and continuation.
For , .
At , . Since this matches the boundary value of the linear part, the graph is continuous at .
As , . Therefore, is a horizontal asymptote.
Since for all , this part does not cross the -axis.
3. Synthesize the findings into the final sketch properties.
The combined sketch should show:
- A straight line segment starting from the top left, passing through and ending at .
- A smooth curve starting from decreasing gradually and approaching the horizontal line .
- Explicit labels for the asymptote and the intercept .
Asymptote:
-axis crossing:
-axis crossing: None
(A continuous graph with a straight line from the left passing through meeting a curve at which then approaches asymptotically.)
4(ii)
1. Explain the existence of the inverse function based on the graph from part (i).
From the graph of sketched in part (i), any horizontal line intersects the curve at most once. Therefore, is a one-to-one function, which means its inverse exists.
2. Find the inverse rule and its domain for the first branch ($x < 2$).
Let .
Making the subject gives .
The domain for this piece is .
Substituting the expression for , we get .
Thus, one piece of the inverse is for .
3. Find the inverse rule and its domain for the second branch ($x \ge 2$).
Let .
Making the subject gives .
The domain for this piece is .
Substituting the expression for , we get .
Since , must be positive. Multiplying by gives .
Thus, the other piece of the inverse is for .
4. Combine the results into a single piecewise function in a similar form.
Writing the branches in ascending order of the domain of :
4(iii)
1. State the range of the inner function, $\mathrm{f}^{-1}$.
The range of an inverse function is identically the domain of the original function . From the piecewise definition in the stem, is defined for all real numbers.
2. Check the condition for the existence of the composite function.
For the composite function to exist, the range of must be a subset of the domain of .
The domain of is given as .
Since , we have .
Therefore, does not exist.
Since , the composite function does not exist.
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