In the diagram, OAPB is a sector of circle with centre O and radius 9 cm. Angle AOB = 1.4 radians. C is the centre of the circle enclosed inside the sector. OCP is a straight line and the circle touches the sector at points P, Q and R.

  1. ((i))

    Show that the radius of the enclosed circle is 3.526 cm, correct to 3 decimal places.

  2. ((ii))

    Calculate the area of the shaded region.

    Answer ... cm^2

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Worked solution

4((i))

1. Identify the angle used in the right-angled triangle.

Since the circle touches both straight sides of the sector, OCOC bisects ∠AOB\angle AOB.

∠AOC=1.42=0.7 radians\angle AOC=\frac{1.4}{2}=0.7\text{ radians}

2. Relate the small circle radius to $OC$ using trigonometry.

Let the radius of the enclosed circle be rr cm.

Since the radius to a tangent is perpendicular to the tangent, CR⊥OACR\perp OA.

In right-angled triangle OCROCR,

sin⁡0.7=CROC=rOC\sin 0.7=\frac{CR}{OC}=\frac{r}{OC}

so

r=OCsin⁡0.7.r=OC\sin 0.7.

3. Use internal tangency to the outer arc to express $OC$ in terms of $r$.

The sector has radius 99 cm, and the small circle touches the arc at PP on the line OCPOCP.

Hence

OC+CP=OPOC+CP=OP

OC+r=9OC+r=9

so

OC=9−r.OC=9-r.

4. Solve for the radius and round to 3 decimal places.

Substitute OC=9−rOC=9-r into r=OCsin⁡0.7r=OC\sin 0.7:

r=(9−r)sin⁡0.7r=(9-r)\sin 0.7

r=9sin⁡0.7−rsin⁡0.7r=9\sin 0.7-r\sin 0.7

r(1+sin⁡0.7)=9sin⁡0.7r(1+\sin 0.7)=9\sin 0.7

r=9sin⁡0.71+sin⁡0.7r=\frac{9\sin 0.7}{1+\sin 0.7}

r=3.526…r=3.526\ldots

Answer

Hence the radius of the enclosed circle is 3.5263.526 cm, correct to 3 decimal places.

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