A curve CC undergoes, in succession, the following transformations. AA: Translation of 4 units in the negative yy-direction. BB: Stretching parallel to the xx-axis by a factor of 2. CC: Reflection in the xx-axis. The equation of the resulting curve is y=x24+4y = \frac{x^2}{4} + 4. Determine the equation of the original curve CC before the transformations were carried out.

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Worked solution

2

1. Express the final transformed curve in terms of the unknown original function $\mathrm{f}(x)$.

Let the original curve CC be y=f(x)y = \mathrm{f}(x).
Applying transformation AA (translation of 4 units in the negative yy-direction):
y=f(x)−4y = \mathrm{f}(x) - 4
Applying transformation BB (stretching parallel to the xx-axis by a factor of 2):
y=f(x2)−4y = \mathrm{f}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right) - 4
Applying transformation CC (reflection in the xx-axis):
y=−[f(x2)−4]y = -\left[\mathrm{f}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right) - 4\right]
y=−f(x2)+4y = -\mathrm{f}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right) + 4

2. Equate the transformed expression to the given resulting equation to solve for the original function.

We are given that the resulting curve is y=x24+4y = \frac{x^2}{4} + 4.
Equating the two expressions for yy:
−f(x2)+4=x24+4-\mathrm{f}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right) + 4 = \frac{x^2}{4} + 4
Subtracting 4 from both sides:
−f(x2)=x24-\mathrm{f}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right) = \frac{x^2}{4}
f(x2)=−x24\mathrm{f}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right) = -\frac{x^2}{4}
Rewrite the right-hand side in terms of x2\frac{x}{2}:
f(x2)=−(x2)2\mathrm{f}\left(\frac{x}{2}\right) = -\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)^2
Substituting x2\frac{x}{2} with xx yields the original function:
f(x)=−x2\mathrm{f}(x) = -x^2
Thus, the equation of the original curve CC is y=−x2y = -x^2.

Answer

y=−x2y = -x^2

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