Evaluate ∫0π3(12sin⁡3x−cos⁡2x)dx\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \left( \frac{1}{2} \sin 3x - \cos^2 x \right) dx, correct to 2 decimal places.

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Worked solution

8

1. Use the double angle identity to rewrite $\cos^2 x$ in an integrable form.

cos⁡2x=12(cos⁡2x+1)\cos^2 x = \frac{1}{2}(\cos 2x + 1)

∫0π3(12sin⁡3x−cos⁡2x)dx=∫0π3(12sin⁡3x−12cos⁡2x−12)dx\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \left( \frac{1}{2} \sin 3x - \cos^2 x \right) dx = \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{3}} \left( \frac{1}{2} \sin 3x - \frac{1}{2}\cos 2x - \frac{1}{2} \right) dx

2. Integrate the expression with respect to $x$.

=[−16cos⁡3x−14sin⁡2x−12x]0π3= \left[ -\frac{1}{6} \cos 3x - \frac{1}{4} \sin 2x - \frac{1}{2} x \right]_0^{\frac{\pi}{3}}

3. Substitute the upper and lower limits to evaluate the definite integral.

Substitute x=π3x = \frac{\pi}{3}:
(−16cos⁡π−14sin⁡2π3−12(π3))=16−38−π6\left( -\frac{1}{6} \cos \pi - \frac{1}{4} \sin \frac{2\pi}{3} - \frac{1}{2} \left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right) \right) = \frac{1}{6} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{8} - \frac{\pi}{6}

Substitute x=0x = 0:
(−16cos⁡0−14sin⁡0−0)=−16\left( -\frac{1}{6} \cos 0 - \frac{1}{4} \sin 0 - 0 \right) = -\frac{1}{6}

Evaluate the difference:
(16−38−π6)−(−16)=13−38−π6\left( \frac{1}{6} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{8} - \frac{\pi}{6} \right) - \left( -\frac{1}{6} \right) = \frac{1}{3} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{8} - \frac{\pi}{6}

4. Calculate the final numerical value correct to 2 decimal places.

13−38−π6≈−0.40677\frac{1}{3} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{8} - \frac{\pi}{6} \approx -0.40677

≈−0.41\approx -0.41 (to 2 d.p.)

Answer

−0.41-0.41

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