Given that ∑n=1Nn3=[N2(N+1)]2,\sum_{n=1}^{N} n^{3} = \left[\frac{N}{2}(N+1)\right]^{2}, Find 12−23+33−43+⋯−(2N)3,1^{2}-2^{3}+3^{3}-4^{3}+\dots-(2N)^{3}, In terms of N, simplifying your answer.

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Worked solution

Q1

1. Rewrite the alternating series as the difference of two sum expressions.

Let S=12−23+33−43+⋯−(2N)3S = 1^{2}-2^{3}+3^{3}-4^{3}+\dots-(2N)^{3}.
Since 12=131^{2} = 1^{3}, we can rewrite the series to follow a consistent pattern of cubes:
S=13−23+33−43+⋯−(2N)3S = 1^{3}-2^{3}+3^{3}-4^{3}+\dots-(2N)^{3}

We can express this alternating sum as the sum of all terms up to 2N2N, minus twice the sum of the even terms:
S=(∑n=12Nn3)−2(23+43+⋯+(2N)3)S = \left(\sum_{n=1}^{2N} n^{3}\right) - 2\left(2^{3} + 4^{3} + \dots + (2N)^{3}\right)
S=∑n=12Nn3−2∑k=1N(2k)3S = \sum_{n=1}^{2N} n^{3} - 2\sum_{k=1}^{N} (2k)^{3}

2. Apply the given sum of cubes formula to evaluate the grouped components.

Using the given formula ∑n=1Nn3=[N2(N+1)]2\sum_{n=1}^{N} n^{3} = \left[\frac{N}{2}(N+1)\right]^{2}, we evaluate both parts.

For the sum of all terms up to 2N2N:
∑n=12Nn3=[2N2(2N+1)]2=N2(2N+1)2\sum_{n=1}^{2N} n^{3} = \left[\frac{2N}{2}(2N+1)\right]^{2} = N^{2}(2N+1)^{2}

For the even terms, we factor out 23=82^3 = 8:
2∑k=1N(2k)3=2∑k=1N8k3=16∑k=1Nk32\sum_{k=1}^{N} (2k)^{3} = 2 \sum_{k=1}^{N} 8k^{3} = 16 \sum_{k=1}^{N} k^{3}
=16[N2(N+1)]2=16(N2(N+1)24)=4N2(N+1)2= 16 \left[\frac{N}{2}(N+1)\right]^{2} = 16 \left( \frac{N^{2}(N+1)^{2}}{4} \right) = 4N^{2}(N+1)^{2}

Substituting these back into our expression for SS:
S=N2(2N+1)2−4N2(N+1)2S = N^{2}(2N+1)^{2} - 4N^{2}(N+1)^{2}

3. Simplify the final expression algebraically.

Extract the common factor N2N^{2} and expand the terms within the brackets:
S=N2[(2N+1)2−4(N+1)2]S = N^{2}\left[ (2N+1)^{2} - 4(N+1)^{2} \right]
S=N2[(4N2+4N+1)−4(N2+2N+1)]S = N^{2}\left[ (4N^{2}+4N+1) - 4(N^{2}+2N+1) \right]
S=N2(4N2+4N+1−4N2−8N−4)S = N^{2}(4N^{2}+4N+1-4N^{2}-8N-4)
S=N2(−4N−3)S = N^{2}(-4N-3)
S=−N2(4N+3)S = -N^{2}(4N+3)

Answer

−N2(4N+3)-N^{2}(4N+3)

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