For events and , it is given that , and .
- (i)
Find .
- (ii)
For a third event , it is given that and .
Find . - (iii)
State, with a reason, whether the events and are mutually exclusive.
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Worked solution
10(i)
1. Express the probability of the intersection, $\mathrm{P}(A \cap B)$, in terms of $\mathrm{P}(B)$.
Using the conditional probability formula :
2. Set up an equation for $\mathrm{P}(B)$ using the addition rule.
Using the addition rule :
3. Solve the linear equation for $\mathrm{P}(B)$.
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10(ii)
1. Apply De Morgan's laws to simplify the event given in the conditional probability.
2. Use the complement rule for conditional probabilities to find $\mathrm{P}(A \cap B \mid C)$.
3. Apply the conditional probability formula to find the intersection of all three events.
10(iii)
1. Establish the condition for mutually exclusive events and its implication on the three-event intersection.
If events and are mutually exclusive, then .
Since is a subset of , it must follow that as well.
2. Compare with the result from part (ii) to make a conclusion.
From part (ii), we found that .
Since , this implies , and thus .
Therefore, events and are not mutually exclusive.
No, because , so .
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