Here are the first four terms of a sequence.
- (a)
Find the fifth term of the sequence.
Answer ...
- (b)
is the th term of the sequence.
Find an expression, in terms of , for .
Answer ...
- (c)
The difference between the two consecutive terms of the sequence is .
Show that
.
Answer
- (d)
Explain why the difference between the two consecutive terms of the sequence is always negative.
Answer...
...
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Worked solution
(a)
1. 根据已知前4项分子与分母的递变规律,求第5项
观察数列的分母与分子:
分子依次为:,每次减 ,因此第 项的分子为 ;
分母依次为:,每次加 ,因此第 项的分母为 。
所以第 项为 。
(b)
1. 分别求出分子与分母关于 $n$ 的通项公式,并组装成 $T_n$
分子为首项 、公差 的等差数列:
分子
分母为首项 、公差 的等差数列:
分母
因此第 项表达式为:
(c)
1. 写出 $T_{n+1}$ 的表达式并进行分式减法通分化简
由 (b) 可知 ,将 替换为 得:
计算相邻项之差:
通分,公分母为 :
已证明:
(d)
1. 根据符号性质说明差值表达式恒为负数
对于数列的项数 , 是正整数(即 )。
因此, 且 ,可得分母 。
又因为分子 为负常数,根据“负数除以正数得负数”,差值 恒小于 。
因为 是正整数(),所以 和 均为正数,分母 恒大于 ;而分子 恒小于 。负数除以正数恒为负数,因此相邻项之差总是负数。
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