The area of triangle ABC is 7.5 cm^2. Two of the sides are of length 5 cm and 6 cm respectively. Find the length of the third side. Answer ...cm

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Worked solution

1. 利用三角形面积公式求出已知两边夹角的两个可能取值

设已知两边分别为 a=5 cma = 5\text{ cm},b=6 cmb = 6\text{ cm},两边夹角为 CC。
根据三角形面积公式:
面积=12absin⁡C\text{面积} = \frac{1}{2}ab \sin C
12×5×6×sin⁡C=7.5\frac{1}{2} \times 5 \times 6 \times \sin C = 7.5
15sin⁡C=7.5  ⟹  sin⁡C=0.515\sin C = 7.5 \implies \sin C = 0.5
因为 0∘<C<180∘0^\circ < C < 180^\circ,所以夹角 CC 有两个可能的解:
C=30∘或C=180∘−30∘=150∘C = 30^\circ \quad \text{或} \quad C = 180^\circ - 30^\circ = 150^\circ

2. 分别针对两种可能角运用余弦定理求解第三边的长度

设第三边长度为 cc。由余弦定理:
c2=a2+b2−2abcos⁡C=52+62−2(5)(6)cos⁡C=61−60cos⁡Cc^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cos C = 5^2 + 6^2 - 2(5)(6)\cos C = 61 - 60\cos C

当 C=30∘C = 30^\circ 时:
c2=61−60cos⁡30∘=61−303≈9.0385c^2 = 61 - 60\cos 30^\circ = 61 - 30\sqrt{3} \approx 9.0385
c=9.0385≈3.01 cmc = \sqrt{9.0385} \approx 3.01\text{ cm}

当 C=150∘C = 150^\circ 时:
c2=61−60cos⁡150∘=61+303≈112.9615c^2 = 61 - 60\cos 150^\circ = 61 + 30\sqrt{3} \approx 112.9615
c=112.9615≈10.6 cmc = \sqrt{112.9615} \approx 10.6\text{ cm}

Answer

3.01 cm3.01\text{ cm} 或 10.6 cm10.6\text{ cm}

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