Sketch the graph of y=ex+2y = e^x + 2. Solve the equation 3−e−x=2ex3 - e^{-x} = 2e^x.

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Worked solution

1(a)

1. Identify the horizontal asymptote and the general shape of the curve

The base graph is y=exy = e^x, which has a horizontal asymptote at y=0y = 0 and increases exponentially.
The graph of y=ex+2y = e^x + 2 is a vertical translation of y=exy = e^x upwards by 2 units.
Therefore, the horizontal asymptote is y=2y = 2.

2. Find the $y$-intercept and sketch the graph

When x=0x = 0, y=e0+2=1+2=3y = e^0 + 2 = 1 + 2 = 3.
The yy-intercept is (0,3)(0, 3).
Sketch the curve passing through (0,3)(0, 3), approaching the line y=2y = 2 as x→−∞x \to -\infty, and increasing as x→∞x \to \infty.

Answer

A sketch of an exponential curve passing through (0,3)(0, 3) with a horizontal asymptote at y=2y = 2.

1(b)

1. Rewrite the equation as a quadratic equation in terms of $e^x$.

Let u=exu = e^x. Then e−x=1ue^{-x} = \frac{1}{u}.
3−1u=2u3 - \frac{1}{u} = 2u
Multiply by uu:
3u−1=2u23u - 1 = 2u^2
2u2−3u+1=02u^2 - 3u + 1 = 0

2. Solve the quadratic equation for $u$.

(2u−1)(u−1)=0(2u - 1)(u - 1) = 0
u=12 or u=1u = \frac{1}{2} \text{ or } u = 1

3. Solve for $x$ by taking the natural logarithm.

Substitute back u=exu = e^x:
ex=12  ⟹  x=ln⁡(12)=−ln⁡2e^x = \frac{1}{2} \implies x = \ln\left(\frac{1}{2}\right) = -\ln 2
ex=1  ⟹  x=ln⁡1=0e^x = 1 \implies x = \ln 1 = 0

Answer

x=0x = 0 or x=−ln⁡2x = -\ln 2

AI analysis — may contain mistakes.

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