Solve the equation 2sin⁡4x+7cos⁡2x=42\sin^4 x + 7\cos^2 x = 4 for 0∘≤x≤360∘0^\circ \le x \le 360^\circ.

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Worked solution

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1. Express the equation in terms of a single trigonometric function

Substitute cos⁡2x=1−sin⁡2x\cos^2 x = 1 - \sin^2 x into the equation:
2sin⁡4x+7(1−sin⁡2x)=42\sin^4 x + 7(1 - \sin^2 x) = 4
2sin⁡4x−7sin⁡2x+7−4=02\sin^4 x - 7\sin^2 x + 7 - 4 = 0
2sin⁡4x−7sin⁡2x+3=02\sin^4 x - 7\sin^2 x + 3 = 0

2. Solve the quadratic equation in $\sin^2 x$

Let u=sin⁡2xu = \sin^2 x. The equation becomes:
2u2−7u+3=02u^2 - 7u + 3 = 0
(2u−1)(u−3)=0(2u - 1)(u - 3) = 0
u=12 or u=3u = \frac{1}{2} \text{ or } u = 3
So, sin⁡2x=12\sin^2 x = \frac{1}{2} or sin⁡2x=3\sin^2 x = 3.

3. Find the possible values of $\sin x$

Since −1≤sin⁡x≤1-1 \le \sin x \le 1, sin⁡2x=3\sin^2 x = 3 has no real solutions (reject).
For sin⁡2x=12\sin^2 x = \frac{1}{2}:
sin⁡x=±12\sin x = \pm \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}

4. Solve for $x$ in the given interval

The basic angle is α=sin⁡−1(12)=45∘\alpha = \sin^{-1}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right) = 45^\circ.
Since sin⁡x\sin x can be positive or negative, xx can be in any of the four quadrants.
x=45∘,180∘−45∘,180∘+45∘,360∘−45∘x = 45^\circ, 180^\circ - 45^\circ, 180^\circ + 45^\circ, 360^\circ - 45^\circ
x=45∘,135∘,225∘,315∘x = 45^\circ, 135^\circ, 225^\circ, 315^\circ

Answer

x=45∘,135∘,225∘,315∘x = 45^\circ, 135^\circ, 225^\circ, 315^\circ

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